农业科技成果的精准高效推广是提高农业生产率、改善农村贫困状况的重要手段。2018年，我国通过评估的农业科技成果为10824项，但转化率不足50%，远低于欧美等发达国家80%的水平。大量农业科技成果“束之高阁”，不仅造成了科研投入的巨大浪费，更阻碍了国家“藏粮于技”战略的顺利进行。本项目以我国北方麦区水肥一体化技术的推广为例，利用随机干预实验，构建新型农业技术推广主体，通过向同群农户提供不同形式的激励，精确考察激励异质性影响同群农户技术学习、技术采纳和技术传播努力程度的差异。随后结合动机理论，估算不同激励措施和行为动机下农户技术学习、技术采纳和家庭长期福利效应的变化。在此基础上提出优化和调整我国农业技术推广的短期策略与长期政策。本项目将不仅丰富技术扶贫领域的相关研究内容，同时为我国农业技术推广政策的制定和绿色农业的可持续发展提供理论借鉴和决策参考。

The accurate and efficient extension of agricultural technology is an important means to increase agricultural productivity and deduce rural poverty. In 2018, there were 10824 agricultural scientific and technological achievements in China, however, the achievement conversion rate was less than 50%, far below the level of 80% in developed countries such as Europe and the United States. A large number of agricultural scientific and technological achievements have been put into a "shelf", which not only caused a huge waste of scientific research investment, but also hindered the smooth promotion of the national strategy of "storing grain in technology". Therefore, this project takes the extension of the integration of water and fertilizer in the northern wheat of China as an example, using randomized controlled trial (RCT) to construct a new type of agricultural technology extension entity, and providing different forms of incentives to peer farmers to accurately investigate difference of the impact of incentive heterogeneity on the peer farmers in technology learning, adoption and dissemination. Then combine the motivation theory to estimate the changes of farmer households’ technology learning, technology adoption and family long-term welfare effects under different incentive measures and behavioral motivations. On this basis, we optimize and adjust the short-term strategy and long-term policy of China’s agricultural technology extension. This project will enrich the research content in the field of technology poverty alleviation, and provide theoretical reference and decision-making reference for the formulation of agricultural technology extension policies and the sustainable development of green agriculture in China.