典型沉水植物生活史策略对水深梯度的响应及其引发的种群动态

水深是影响沉水植物分布以及种群动态的一个关键因素。如何调整生活史策略以应对水深变化是沉水植物种群维持和扩张的核心。典型沉水植物微齿眼子菜（Potamogeton maackianus）虽然分布广泛，但是近年来在一些湖泊中却呈现出快速的种群衰退趋势，其潜在原因值得关注。本研究项目以生活史策略对水深的响应方式作为切入点，以典型沉水植物微齿眼子菜作为研究对象，融合了繁殖生态学与生理生态学以及种群生态学的研究手段，将野外调查与交互种植实验相结合，揭示生活史策略对不同水深的响应方式，并对微齿眼子菜在水深选择压力下能否产生可遗传的生活史策略变异（即跨世代可塑性（transgenerational plasticity））进行首次探讨，进而讨论由生活史策略引发的种群遗传结构改变对种群衰退的作用，以期阐明这一典型沉水植物发生种群快速衰退的原因，并为种群恢复提供理论基础。

Water depth is the most important environmental factor affecting the distribution and population dynamics of submerged macrophytes. Life history strategies according to water depth gradient played the main role in the maintenance and expansion of populations. Recently, the populations of Potamogeton maackianus, which is one of the typical submerged macrophytes, have been reduced dramatically in many freshwater lakes despite that it is distributed widely. But the reasons are still not clear. In this research program, we will focus on the strategies of life history in water depth gradient, combining the methods of reproductive ecology, physiological ecology and population ecology. With the aid of field works and reciprocal planting experiments, we will try to reveal the differences in life history strategies according to water depth gradient, and make the first investigation of transgenerational plasticity in this species. Then, we will discuss the consequence of the shifts in life history strategies in genetic structure of populations and the reasons for population decline.