中华紫胶虫泌胶规律与紫胶形成的分子机制

紫胶是由紫胶虫分泌的一种天然树脂类化合物，是重要的工业原料和可再生资源。紫胶主要由羟基脂肪酸和倍半萜烯酸酯组成，具有绝缘、防潮、粘合力强等特性，被广泛应用在国防、化工、医药等行业。目前，由于紫胶虫泌胶规律与体内形成紫胶的分子机制尚不清楚，提高紫胶虫泌胶产量和质量的有效方法仍未找到，已成为国内外紫胶产业发展的瓶颈和难题。本研究针对本国紫胶虫泌胶少、质量差等问题，使用高通量测序平台对中华紫胶虫进行测序与转录组分析，对紫胶虫雌、雄虫及不同发育阶段差异表达基因进行解析，筛选出参与紫胶合成通路的关键基因，使用基因敲除与编辑技术对参与调控紫胶形成的关键基因进行验证，分析关键基因在紫胶虫不同组织、器官和不同发育期的时空表达规律，进一步揭示紫胶虫体内形成紫胶的分子机制，为培育优质高产紫胶虫新品种提供详实的基因信息与分子证据，为实现紫胶产业的增值增效提供科学依据。

The lac, secreted by lac insects, has been known as a natural resin.It is the crucial material and renewable resource widely used in national defense, chemical, pharmaceutical and other industries. The lac is mainly composed of hydroxy fatty acids and sesquiterpene ester with high quility in insulation, moisture-proof and adhesion. At present, the rule of lac secretion and the molecular mechanism of lac synthesis are still unclear. And the effective ways how to stimulate the lac insects to secrete more lac and increase the lac quality have not been found yet. It has become the long-standing problem and bottleneck in lac industry development around the world. According to the characteristics of gender differnce on lac secretion, both female and male lac insect have been performed RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis by using high-throughput sequencing platform in this project.The key genes involved in synthetic pathway of the lac are screened through the transcriptome analysis on gene expression differences in female, male with different developmental stages of Kerria chinensis. The key genes of lac biosynthesis are verified in functions by gene knockout technology (RNAi/CRISPR). The expression rules of these key genes in different tissues, organs and different developmental stages of lac insects are analyzed. The molecular mechanism of lac synthesis will be revealed in vivo. This project will contribute to provide real and detail gene information and molecular evidence for cultivating high-quality varieties of lac insects.Furtherly it will accumulate scientific basis for achieving the high value and efficiency of lac industry.