柑橘大实蝇是我国柑橘上的重要害虫。现有引诱剂很少诱到初羽化成虫，严重影响害虫预报准确性。我们前期研究首次发现并证实板栗雄花是初羽化成虫食物源之一，雄花和叶片挥发物对初羽化成虫具有显著引诱作用。但初羽化成虫识别挥发物的分子机制尚不清楚。本项目拟在前期研究基础上，结合我们已鉴定的柑橘大实蝇气味结合蛋白和气味受体基因，用实时定量PCR筛选1-3日龄成虫触角和下颚须中显著上调表达基因；利用荧光竞争结合实验和双电极电压钳技术分别研究筛选获得的气味结合蛋白和气味受体基因的功能；利用RNAi结合电生理和行为学实验进一步确定这些基因在柑橘大实蝇体内的功能。研究结果不仅有助于阐明初羽化柑橘大实蝇偏好板栗挥发物的嗅觉分子机制，快速筛选对初羽化柑橘大实蝇有显著引诱效果的板栗挥发物组分，而且以鉴定的嗅觉基因为靶标，可以筛选获得更好的引诱剂。这对于柑橘大实蝇的准确预测预报、可持续控制技术研发具有理论和实践意义。

The citrus fruit fly, Bactrocera minax (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a destructive citrus pest in China. At present, the attractants used in orchards is difficult to trap the newly emerged adults (1-3 days old), which have a big impact on the accuracy of monitoring of B.minax. Our previous studies show that the Castanea mollissima male flowers are one of foods for the newly emerged adults and the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by leaves and male flowers of C. mollissima can significantly attracted the newly emerged adults. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the detections of the VOCs by the newly emerged adults has not been elucidated. In the present study, based on OBP and OR genes identified by transcriptome analysis in the heads, antennae and maxillary palps of B.minax adults by us, we will first set out to screen for the OBP and OR genes which are significantly highly expressed in the antennae and maxillary palps in the newly emerged adults (1-3 days old) by using the real-time PCR. Then, the functions of the target OBPs and ORs will be studied by the competitive fluorescence binding assays and the two electrode voltage clamp technique, respectively. In addition, the functions of the target OBPs and ORs will be further confirmed by RNAi, Combining electrophysiological and behavioral responses tests. This study not only has a great significance in elucidating the molecular mechanism of how the volatiles of C. mollissima are perceived by the adults of B.minax, but also be quite helpful to create the novel and effective techniques of monitoring and management of B. minax by using the OBPs and ORs identified in this study as molecular targets to screen attractants.