银行管制放松引发的商业银行网点扩张同时改变了银行业市场格局和地理结构，导致银行竞争加剧和银企距离缩短。本项目综合运用金融经济学和地理经济学理论，从竞争效应和距离效应双重视角考察商业银行网点扩张对企业信贷可得性的影响效应及其后果。重点回答三个科学问题：①商业银行网点扩张对企业信贷可得性有何影响？其传导机理是什么？②商业银行网点扩张对企业信贷可得性的影响效应是否因银行类型（国有、股份制、城市和外资）和企业特质（产权、规模）差异而有所不同？即商业银行网点扩张引发的信贷效应是否呈现“双边异质”特性？③商业银行网点扩张导致的企业融资能力变化是促进了实业投资还是加剧了企业金融化？即商业银行网点扩张能否增强金融服务实体经济的能力？本项目有望深化对银行管制放松与企业信贷可得性之间内在逻辑关系的理论认知，并为中国现阶段银行改革政策效果评估提供微观层面的经验证据，也为推进金融供给侧结构性改革提供重要政策参考。

Bank branches expansion that is triggered by banking deregulation shapes banking market structure and reduces distance between firm and bank. Applying the theories of financial economics and geographical economics, this project investigates the effect of bank branches expansion on access to finance for firms and its consequences with dual perspectives of loan market competition and geographic distance. It aims at exploring, firstly, the effect of bank branches expansion on firm's access to credit and its channels. Secondly, is the distinctives of the effects due to the differences in bank types (state-owned, joint-stock, urban and foreign) and corporate characteristics (property rights and scale)? That is, whether the credit effect caused by bank branches expansion presents the characteristics of "bilateral heterogeneity"? Thirdly, does the change of firm's access to credit caused by bank branches expansion promote real investment or intensify corporate financialization? That is, whether it enhances the ability of finance supporting real economy. This project is expected to formalize a comprehensive understanding on the nexus of banking deregulation and access to finance, and provide empirical evidence for ongoing banking reforms from the micro level, as well as important policy references for supply-side structural reforms in Chinese finance sector.