雨热同期的我国华南亚热带和雨热异期的亚马逊热带常绿阔叶林呈现了截然不同的物候特征和碳水关系，然而其内在驱动机制尚不明确，鉴于此，传统陆表植被过程模型尚未能准确模拟两种物候规律和蒸散过程，是当前国际生态学和陆面模型研究的前沿热点难点问题，不仅具有重要的科学研究价值，而且对热带亚热带地区开展公益林建设、同时尽量减少对地区水资源的负面影响等显得尤为必要。为此选取小气候、物候以及通量观测平台等比较成熟的鼎湖山国家野外生态定位站和巴西BR-Sa1站作为研究基地，对比研究雨热同期和异期气候下热带亚热带常绿阔叶林冠层物候和蒸散异质规律，构建环境因子驱动物候模型，改进陆表植被过程模型ORCHIDEE中叶片发芽、更替、凋落过程，重塑冠层不同年龄叶片组分、LAI、光合能力和蒸散季节动态，研究链接环境驱动因子—冠层物候—蒸散的关键植物生理生化过程，阐述雨热同期和异期气候下热带亚热带常绿阔叶林物候和蒸散的驱动机制

The evergreen broad-leaved forests in subtropical Southern China with simultaneous rain/heat seasonal pattern and those in tropical Amazonian region with heterogeneous rain/heat seasonal pattern show significant divergent phenology seasonality, as well as their "carbon-water" relationship. However, the intrinsic driving mechanism is still unclear. Because of this, the above processes have not yet been accurately simulated in the traditional land surface vegetation model. It is now a hot and difficult issue in global ecology and land surface modeling researches. This not only has important scientific research value, but also is particularly necessary in tropical and subtropical regions for minimizing the potential negative impacts of afforestation on regional water resources. Here, we selected the Dinghushan Forest Ecosystem Research Station and BR-Sa1 Station in Brazil as our research bases, which both have mature platforms for microclimate, phenology and land-atmosphere flux observations. This project mainly focuses on the following aspects, (1) to study the differences of canopy phenology of tropical and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests under simultaneous and heterogeneous rainfall/heat patterns; (2) to develop the environmental-triggered phenology model; (3) to improve the new leaf onset, leaf turnover and leaf shedding processes in the land surface vegetation model (ORCHIDEE) and represent the seasonality of leaf cohort of different ages, LAI, photosynthetic capacity and evapotranspiration, and (4) to study on the key plant physiological and biochemical processes linking environmental driving factors-canopy phenology-evapotranspiration seasonality, and finally to reveal the driving mechanism of phenology and evapotranspiration in tropical and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest under simultaneous and heterogeneous rainfall/heat patterns.