已知负性协同刺激分子B7-H4作为免疫调节的卡控点异常高表达于肿瘤,参与肿瘤的免疫逃逸,但确切机制尚待深入探讨。课题组前期研究临床肾癌标本发现B7-H4可定位于细胞核，并与临床分期相关，进而发现人B7-H4分子不仅含信号肽序列，还有核定位序列，核转移B7-H4可上调Cyclin D的表达促进肿瘤细胞增殖(Oncogene 2013)。基于许多双定位蛋白在细胞核中都能与其他转录因子结合形成转录复合物调控基因表达,课题组推测B7-H4可能具有类似作用机制，为证实这一科学假说，课题组计划以肾癌为研究模型，结合临床样本、转基因细胞株，通过体外、临床及动物实验，运用蛋白组学法和染色质免疫共沉淀-测序法，系统研究B7-H4在细胞核内调控表达的目的基因及结合的转录因子，阐明B7-H4核转移促进肿瘤发展的确切分子机制，为协同刺激分子功能的研究及设计特异性的肿瘤治疗新途径提供新的理论基础。

It is known that as the immune checkpoint the negative costimulatory molecule B7-H4 is highly expressed in tumor and plays an important role in tumor immune evasion through inhibiting T cell proliferation.However previously we found that B7-H4 could express in nucleus in renal cell carcinoma and was correlated with tumor stage. Further investigation found that human B7-H4 contained not only signal peptide but also nuclear localization sequence (NLS). Subsequent investigation identified that B7-H4 could promote tumor cells proliferation through upregulating the expression of Cyclin D and Cyclin E.It has been found that many dual localization proteins can bind to promoters and regulate gene expression through the formation of a complex with other transcription factors.We predicted that B7-H4 might act through a similar mechanism. Based on this hypothesis, we plan to identify the target genes that are regulated by nuclear B7-H4 using approaches such as proteomics and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-Sequence(ChIP-Seq). Furthermore we will investigate which transcription factors are involved in the formation of the complex with B7-H4 by immunoprecipitation. Through the implementation of this project we would like to elucidate the exact mechanism by which B7-H4 promotes tumor cell proliferation and propose a new theory about the effect of costimulatory molecule in tumor progression. This work will also pave a new avenue for the therapeutic treatment of renal cell carcinoma.