海底输水管道的驼峰气阻是指气体在管路高峰位置聚集和滞留，并导致管路阻塞和水流振荡的危害性局部水力现象。它使管路过水断面减小，输水能耗增加，直接影响到海底管道的输送效率和安全稳定，是海底管道健康运行的重大隐患。为了揭示气阻的形成和消散规律，减少和防治驼峰气阻对海底输水管道的危害，本项目将采用流体力学理论和试验测试方法对海底输水管道驼峰气阻的危害特性、临界产生条件、移动与消散机理、以及超前预测和规避准则进行研究。项目研究主要内容包括：（1）揭示海底管道的驼峰气阻形成过程和消散规律，构建驼峰气阻的临界平衡方程；（2）研究驼峰气阻对瞬态水流的干扰机制，通过瞬变极值压力分布、周波变化和相位分析，建立驼峰气阻预测诊断模型；（3）提出海底输水管道驼峰气阻的预防、规避和消除准则。该项目的预期成果将系统地揭示驼峰气阻的形成消散规律，建立相应的判定准则和规避机制，为海底输水管道优化设计和运行提供理论依据。

A hump air blockage usually occurs with the stagnation of gas near the top of the pipeline hump. It is an undesired hydraulic phenomenon, since it can cause extra resistance and unstable fluctuation of local pipe flow. The hump air blockage often leads to the decrease in the cross section of hydraulic pipe, and increase in the energy consumption of the pipeline. As a potential hazard, it seriously affects the efficiency and security of the submarine pipeline. In order to reduce the hazards of the hump air blockage, the program will develop theoretical and experimental studies to reveal the mechanism of the formation and elimination, as well as prediction and prevention of the hump air blockage. The main content of the research include: (1) The process of the formation of hump air blockage and elimination mechanism will be studied, and the critical equilibrium equation will be established; (2) The prediction and diagnosis theory system will be established based on the transient extreme presses, frequency change and phase difference; (3) Based on the characteristics of submarine pipeline, provide air blockage prevention and elimination method, as well as the optimization criterion. The research project will support theoretical system for the design and optimization operation in the submarine water supply pipeline.