绵羊胚胎发育中Brachyury基因的突变表达与呼伦贝尔短尾羊“短尾征”关系研究

Brachyury基因是T-box家族中最早被发现的转录因子，含有一个200个氨基酸左右的结合域。该基因在早期的脊椎发育过程中起着重要的作用。鼠Brachyury基因杂合性突变导致短尾畸形，纯合性突变导致无法形成脊椎及后续的体节而造成胚胎宫内死亡。我们通过基因组重测序分析了呼伦贝尔短尾羊，并发现Brachyury基因位于短尾性状受选择的区域。与正常其他绵羊比较，Brachyury基因发生了单核苷酸位点突变。目前，在绵羊上进行Brachyury基因研究未见报道。本项目通过分子生物学、生物信息学、蛋白组学、染色质免疫共沉淀技术及制备突变基因动物（绵羊）的方式从功能上说明Brachyury基因的突变与产生绵羊“短尾征”的关系。阐明呼伦贝尔短尾羊上发生Brachyury基因突变而引起“短尾征”出现的机制，为今后短尾动物的研究及短尾低脂绵羊的选育提供理论基础。

Brachyury is the founder member of the T-box family of transcription factors, which is characterized by a DNA-binding domain of approximately 200 amino acids. The Brachyury gene play an important role in early vertebrate development. Mice that are heterozygous for the Brachyury mutation have a short tail, while homozygous mutant embryos die lacking a notochord and structures posterior. Our.study confirmed that the Brachyury gene located in the selection region of short-tailed by Whole Genome Resequencing for Hulun Buir short tailed sheep. Compared with the normal sheep, have a single nucleotide site mutation in the brachyury gene.At present, a detailed study of Bracyury in sheep has not been reported. In order to clarify the mechanism of the mutational Brachyury gene caused short-tailed phenotypes in Hulun Buir short tailed sheep, we will investigate the relationship between the mutational Brachyury gene and the reason of short-tailed phenotypes in the sheep by molecular biology, information science, histones, chromatin immunoprecipitation technology and preparation of transgenic animals (sheep). All of these will provide a theoretical basis for study of the short-tailed animals and breeding of short tailed low-fat sheep.