艇基半航空电磁探测运动噪声的产生机理与抑制方法研究

艇基半航空电磁探测采用地面发射-空中接收的探测方式，解决了全航空电磁探测深度浅以及地面电磁探测对沼泽、沙漠等无人区难勘探的问题。然而，飞行测量方式引入了线圈运动噪声，严重制约系统的探测能力。 本项目针对半航空电磁探测运动噪声源复杂这一核心问题，通过物理模拟飞行实验与结构动力学有限元仿真计算，深入研究由于风速、飞行操控等引起的接收线圈姿态、摇摆和微振动对运动噪声的影响；针对全航空电磁法发射源随飞行移动，空间发射场相同；半航空发射源在地面固定，三维发射场随空间位置不断变化这一特性，系统揭示半航空电磁探测的运动噪声产生机理。根据噪声特征，建立电磁系统飞行测量的运动噪声模型；利用地、空多通道参考站，基于自回归-滑动平均算法，研究多分量参考对消以及空间分量相关预测方法，进行运动噪声的抑制与校正，降低系统的噪声水平，提高半航空电磁探测系统探测能力，为无人区及深部矿产资源进行精细勘查提供重要的技术支撑。

Airship-based semi-airborne electromagnetic exploration adopts ground transmitting and airborne receiving, therefore solves the problem of the lower detecting depth of airborne EM and difficulty of swamp, desert and uninhabited areas of the ground EM. However, the flight measurement introduces coil motion noise which significantly restricted the detection ability of the system. This project focuses on the key issue of the complexity of the motion noise's source of the semi-airborne EM detection, and intensive study will be done on the influence on the motion noise due to the receiving coil's attitude, rocking and micro vibration caused by the wind and the flying control through physical simulation flight test and structural dynamics finite element simulation. Based on the different characteristics of the emission field in space is the same when taking an airborne EM detection flying with the emission source while the three- dimensional emission field varies in the space position when taking a semi-airborne EM detection with the emission source fixed in the surface, this system will reveal the generation mechanism of motion noise in semi-airborne EM detection. According to the characteristics of noise, we design an mathematical model for the motion noise of EM system. Using the ground and airborne multichannel reference station, we could study methods of the multi-component reference cancellation and spatial components correlation predicting based on autoregressive moving average algorithm, and use these technologies to suppress and correct the motion noise, reduce the noise level, increase the detection capability of semi-airborne EM detection system. All this will provide important technical support for precise exploration of unmanned area and deep mineral resources.