径流变化下雅鲁藏布江生源物质迁移转化过程及微生物作用机制

径流变化下生源物质迁移转化过程研究是国际前沿科学问题，开展高坝大库对生源物质循环过程影响机制研究符合国家水利水电开发生态环境保护的重大需求，基于雅鲁藏布江生源物质氮、硅迁移转化过程的研究对重大计划目标实现具有重要价值。本项目拟以“径流变化下生源物质迁移转化规律”这一问题为核心，以雅江为对象，系统研究查明这一重要区域的径流、水温、泥沙、氮、硅和微生物的分布规律与变化过程，藏木水库入库与出库多要素变异过程及对氮、硅通量的影响机理，低温长光照背景下雅江藻类生长过程与径流变化的响应，解决具有高原河流特点的极端环境条件下（高海拔、低气压、强紫外、昼夜温差大、径流变化大、寡营养等）水—沙—微生物—生源物质多要素变化过程及其相互作用机制的关键科学问题，为我国西南地区水能资源开发和生态环境保护协同提供基础理论和科学支撑。

The transportation process of biogenic matter under runoff regulation is a frontier subject of international scientific problem. Researches into the influencing mechanisms of high dams with large reservoir on the biogenic matter circulation meet the great need of ecological environment protection of water conservancy and hydropower development in China. Studies based on the biogenic matter of nitrogen and silicon transformation process in Yalung Zangbo River are of important value to achieve the goals of grand schemes. In this project, Yalung Zangbo River will be investigated with “The transportation process of biogenic matter under runoff regulation” as the core, systematically studying and identifying the distribution and variation processes of runoff, water temperature, silt, nitrogen, silicon and microorganism; the variant process of multi-material during the inflow and outflow of Zangmu Hydropower and its impact on the flux of nitrogen and silicon; and the response between algae growth process and runoff variation in this special region. The aims of this project are to solve the key scientific problems of the dynamic procedure and interacting mechanism of various substances of water-silt-microorganism-biogenic matter under the extreme environmental conditions (high altitude, low pressure, strong ultraviolet, notable temperature difference between day and night, measurable variation in runoff and oligotropher), which represents the characteristics of highland rivers in our country.The results of this project will provide the basic theory and scientific support for exploiting waterpower resource and protecting ecological environment synergistically in southwest china.