怒江与梯级开发河流生源物质输移过程对比研究

水电开发下河流生源物质的输移过程研究是国家科学规划梯级水电开发工程的重大科技需求。然而，缺少对比基准成为限制水电开发影响研究的瓶颈问题。怒江作为我国西南源区唯一一条尚未进行水电开发的大型自然河流，是研究梯级开发生态影响的最佳参照系。本项目聚焦重大研究计划核心科学问题之“河流生源物质迁移转化及环境质量演变”，以“径流变化下生源物质迁移转化规律”为研究核心，开展自然河流怒江与梯级开发河流生源物质输移过程对比研究，系统阐释西南自然河流怒江生源物质分布规律及输移过程，对比解析怒江与梯级开发河流生源物质输移与微生物作用机制，揭示梯级开发下河流生源物质通量变化及累积效应，为我国西南源区水能资源开发和生态环境保护协同、国家水安全和生态安全提供基础理论和科学支持。

The research on transport of river biogenic material under hydropower development is an important scientific and technological demand for national scientific planning of cascade hydropower development projects. But the lack of comparison benchmark has become a bottleneck problem to analyze the impact of cascade hydropower development on biogenic material transport. Nujiang River is the only natural river in southwest China that has not yet been developed for hydropower development, and is the best reference for studying the ecological impact of cascade hydropower development. This project focuses on the core scientific issue of the major research plan, which is "the migration and transformation of river source material and the evolution of environmental quality", and takes "the law of biogenic material migration and transformation under runoff variation" as the research core. A comparative study on transport of biogenic material will be conducted between the Nujiang River and the cascade developed Lancang River. The distribution and transport process of the natural river in southwest China will be uncovered. The transport of biogenic material and the underlying microbial mechanism in the Nujiang River and the cascade developed Lancang River will be analyzed. The variation in biogenic material flux and the corresponding cumulative effect in cascade developed river will be revealed, which can provide basic theory and scientific support for the development of hydropower resources, the coordination of ecological and environmental protection and the national water security and ecology security in southwest China.