基于冰川对气候变化的响应，冰川消融退缩及平衡线高度（ELA）变化直接影响到冰雪融水产汇流过程的水文水化学特征变化。本项目拟通过对天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川、祁连山老虎沟12号冰川和唐古拉山冬克玛底冰川变化的观测研究，分析典型冰川融水径流的产流过程及汇流途径和效率变化特征；研究冰雪融水产汇流过程和历经冰面、冰下多碎屑沉积、冰前冰碛等的水-岩作用环境后，冰雪径流水化学过程的季节、年际变化特征和机理；结合冰川变化、气象要素等观测资料，应用回归分析、相关分析等方法，对冰雪径流、电导率、PH值及主要离子浓度（Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+、K+；SO42-、NO3-、Cl-）等的变化过程及其相互关系进行分析研究；揭示典型冰川消融退缩影响下，冰川水文、水化学过程等的水文功能变化特征，以及水化学主要离子富集过程及浓度变化差异所指示的径流来源。进而研究我国寒旱区冰川水文水化学过程的区域变化特征和环境意义。

Based on the glacier response to climate change, glacier retreat and the equilibrium line altitude ( ELA ) changes directly affect meltwater runoff conflux process changes. This project is going to study the changes of glaciers on the Glacier No.1 at headwater of Urumqi River,Tianshan Mountains, the Glacier No.12 at Laohugou, Qilian Mountains and the Dongkemadi glacier at Tangula Mountains,and analysis of typical glacial meltwater runoff production and confluence pathway and efficiency variation characteristics of snow-melt；study its processes and after the supraglacial, englacial and subglacial under multiple clastic sediments, the moraine, water-rock interaction environment, season and interannual variation of hydrochemical processes characteristics and mechanism; combined with the glacier variation, meteorological observation data, the application of regression analysis, correlation analysis and other methods, the glacial runoff, conductivity, PH values and ion concentration ( Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+; SO42-, NO3-, Cl- ) the variation process and its correlation analysis, reveals typical glacier retreat of glacier hydrological, hydrochemical processes and hydrological function changes，and ion concentration enrichment process and ion concentration difference indicates the runoff source. Then the research of our country cold and arid region glacier hydrology and hydrochemical characteristics of spatial variation and environment significance.