植物体细胞融合育种能打破传统的杂交育种和现代分子育种的局限，同时具有转入细胞质和细胞核中大量的基因而获得多个数量遗传性状的表达等优点。本研究拟选择广西当家优良甘蔗品种新台糖22号和耐寒品种桂糖28号为研究材料，探讨甘蔗原生质体的分离、培养，融合，再生的条件，建立和优化原生质分离和培养体系，原生质体的PEG融合方式，以及杂核体原生质细胞的筛选方法和优化再生体系。 并应用形态特征、细胞学与RAPD和蛋白质组学等方法来鉴别杂合体植株，并对杂合体再生植株进行耐寒性评价。研究成果将为甘蔗抗寒育种提供品种资源，为甘蔗原生质体融合育种提供可靠的技术和方法；同时丰富植物原生质体细胞融合育种的科学资料和知识。

Plant cell fusion breeding technology can overcome the limitations of traditional cross-breeding and modern molecular breeding by transferring a large number of genes from the cytoplasm and the nucleus of target cells to the newly produced cells, so that the new cells can possess and express multiple quantitative genetic traits from the cells of different cultivars or varieties. In this study ROC22 cultivar that has many e desired agronomic traits and Guitang28 that has cold tolerance traits will be selected as target sugarcane cultivars. The conditions of cytoplasm separation, culture, cell fusion, regeneration of sugarcane protoplasts will be investigated with the following objectives: 1) development of a protocol for protoplast isolation using suspension cultures, 2) optimization of the conditions of culture for the growth of protoplasts, 3) development of a protocol for PEG fusion, 4 )establishment of a selection system for heterozygote protoplast cells and a regeneration system from protoplast to plant and 5) Identification of heterozygous plants using morphological, cytological and RAPD, and proteomics methods. In addition, the chilling tolerance of the somatic hybrid will be tested under controlled conditions. The outcomes are expected to provide new protoplast fusion techniques and materials for breeding cold tolerance sugarcane cultivars and to enrich our knowledge in plant cell fusion breeding.