海马－前额叶回路是否以及如何参与联合运动学习的调节目前知之甚少。本项目计划以小鼠条件化瞬目行为（eyeblink conditioning, EBC）为模型，依托光遗传学技术、钙成像技术等，探讨海马－前额叶回路对联合运动学习的调节作用及其回路机制。内容包括：在建立和表达EBC的过程中，同步对海马CA1区兴奋性神经元的活动实施选择性瞬时抑制，分析其对行为建立和表达的影响；通过对海马投射到mPFC不同亚区的轴突末稍的瞬时干预，确认有关调节通路；通过光遗传学技术抑制mPFC 到海马的投射，分析mPFC对海马调节运动学习作用的影响；通过可视化脑片膜片钳技术，在亚细胞水平研究海马－前额叶皮层投射与靶区内不同亚型抑制性神经元所形成的单突触投射的功能特点。该工作不仅有助于理解特定行为的脑机制，对于理解和认识运动调节和运动障碍性疾病的病理生理机制也具有重要意义。

Little is known about how hippocampus－prefrontal cortex circuitry is involved in the regulation of associative motor learning. Using mice eyeblink conditioning (EBC) as animal model and applying approaches of optogenetics and calcium imaging, etc., this project is designed to explore the regulation role of hippocampus-prefrontal cortex circuitry and the related circuit mechanism on associative motor learning. The investigation included: during the processes of establishment and expression of trace EBC, inhibit the exciting neurons in the hippocampal CA1 subregions selectively, instantly and synchronously. The influence of inhibition on behaviour establishment and expression will be analyzed. The regulation pathway is designed to be confirmed by observing the interfering effect through instantaneous intervention on activities of axons projecting from the hippocampus onto various subregions of mPFC. The effect of mPFC on hippocampal regulation of associative motor learning is designed to be observed by measuring the interfering effect through instantaneous intervention with optogenetics on activities of axons projecting from mPFC onto hippocampus. We also plan to investigate in subcellular level the functions and characteristics of single synapses formed by projections from hippocampus to different subtypes of inhibitory neurons in the target zone of prefrontal cortex in mice. This work will be of significance in understanding both the brain mechanisms of specific behaviour and the pathophysiology of motor regulation dysfunctions and motor disorders, as well as treatment exploring of these dysfunctions.