核能利用过程中产生的放射性核素不可避免的释放到环境中，给自然环境和人类健康带来重大危害。纳米零价铁因其特有的表面效应和小尺寸效应，具有优越的吸附性能和很高的还原活性，近年来在环境污染治理方面展现出巨大的潜能。然而，纳米零价铁易氧化和团聚的缺陷，限制了其在环境放射性污染治理中的应用。本项目拟通过表面修饰和多孔材料负载的方法制备化学稳定性高、分散性好、选择性强的功能化纳米零价铁材料，系统研究不同环境条件下其对放射性核素238U(VI)的去除效果，揭示纳米零价铁材料结构和功能基团等性质与放射性核素作用的关系和规律，进一步借助先进的谱学技术表征以及理论计算，在分子水平上阐明功能化纳米零价铁材料对放射性核素的吸附和还原的界面作用机理。本项目预期研究成果为放射性核素的有效去除提供一种新材料、新技术和新方法，为放射性污染治理提供科学的理论依据和技术支持。

Large amounts of radionuclides are inevitably released into the environment with the development of nuclear power energy, which is dangerous to natural environment and human health. Due to its special surface effect and small size effect, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has excellent adsorption performance and high redox activity, which has shown great potential in environmental pollution control in recent years. However, nZVI can be easily oxidized and form aggregates when exposured to atmospheric conditions, which limited its application in radioactive pollution management. In this project, we will synthesize functional nZVI material with high chemical stability, excellent dispersibility and higher selectivity by surface modification and porous material supporting method. The effect of the nZVI materials on the removal of radionuclide 238U(VI) will be studied intensively to understand the interaction mechanism of radionuclide with nZVI materials, especially the effect of structures and functional groups on the interaction between radionuclides and nZVI materials. The mechanism of radionuclide on the solid interfaces will be studied by advanced spectroscopy techniques and theoretical calculations at molecular level. The expected investigation results will provide a new kind of material, method and technique for the effective removal of radionuclide, and provide a scientific theoretical support for the controlling of radioactive contamination.