尘肺病是中国职业病中发病率最高、危害最严重的一类疾病。miRNAs在很多疾病中均发挥重要的调控作用。深入研究miRNAs在稀土粉尘（Nd2O3）诱导稀土尘肺中的作用，对进一步阐明尘肺病发病机制有重要作用。本项目以稀土尘肺病人为研究对象，筛选血清中miRNAs的差异表达及其调控的信号通路。从体内和体外实验深入研究miR-21、miR-29调控Nd2O3诱导的肺部炎症及纤维化作用，阐明Nd2O3诱导的肺纤维化过程中，miR-21、miR-29二者调控NF-κB/MyD88、TGF-β/Smads信号通路中相互作用关系，探讨miRNAs 调控Nd2O3诱导肺纤维化的作用及机制，发现早期生物标记物对尘肺病早期诊断/预后进行有益探索。

Pneumoconiosis is a kind of most serious occupational disease with the highest incidence in China. Recent years, microRNAs(miRNAs) plays an important role in a series of diseases. Studying the effect and mechanism of miRNAs on lung injury induced by rare earth dust (Nd2O3) is an important part to further clarify the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis. Our study will screen the miRNAs with the dramatically different expression in the serum of patients with rare earth pneumoconiosis and based on the results, the related or regulated signaling pathway will be further studied. Besides that, our project is going to study the changes of miR-21 and miR-29, which are most important ones in lung inflammation and fbrosis in vitro and in vivo, and clarify the association and regulations of miR-21/ miR-29 in NF-κB/MyD88 and TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway in the lung injury induced by Nd2O3. In sum, to study the effects and the mechanisms of miRNAs in Nd2O3 induced lung injury will be helpful to explore the biomarkers for early diagnosis/prognosis pneumoconiosis disease.