肉座菌科真菌系统发育基因组学研究

肉座菌科是重要的可再生自然资源，物种多样性丰富，分布广泛，其中少数具有菌寄生性的种类已为人类所用。该科目前缺乏系统性研究，部分属的概念、系统发育地位及属间关系不清晰，部分种的归属有待澄清。肉座菌科是研究真菌系统发育和探讨菌生真菌寄生性的理想材料。本项目拟对肉座菌科25种30个菌株进行基因组de novo测序、基因组拼接和基因预测，建立科级水平的本地基因组数据库，通过系统发育基因组学分析，建立该科清晰的属级概念、澄清重要属、种的系统发育地位；通过比较基因组学研究，对重寄生性相关的基因家族进行分析，揭示菌寄生属和木霉属中与寄生性相关的关键基因，认识它们对物种重寄生能力的影响；从中选取部分功能基因，构建上述两个属的系统发育树，从菌生真菌寄生性的角度探讨属内种间演化规律。研究结果将完善肉座菌科现行的分类系统，为真菌资源利用奠定基础，为探索物种分化与形成机制和生防资源的高效发掘提供科学依据。

Hypocreaceae is an important group in Ascomycota. They are valuable biological resources with high species diversity and a broad range of lifestyles. Some of them have already been used in agriculture and industry. As phylogeny of the family is concerned, many unsolved problems exist, such as clarifying relationships among genera, establishment of reasonable generic concepts, and taxonomic positions of some species. This project is aimed at using genome information of 40 species in 10 genera of the family to solve some of the above problems. In addition to the published genome data, the proposed study is going to sequence genomes of 30 strains belonging to 25 species by Illumina-Solexa technology, assemble the genomes, predict genes and establish an information-rich local database. By phylogenomic analyses, clear generic concepts will be redefined, and relationships among genera and species will be verified. Genome-wide comparative analysis will also aid exploration of genes in relation to mycoparasitism of the hypocreaceous fungi like Hypomyces and Trichoderma. The results will lead to understanding species evolution of a genus from the view of functional genes. Fulfillment of the proposed project will not only provide data for fungal phylogenomics and lay a foundation for optimization of current taxonomy system of Hypocreaceae, but also be beneficial to improving our knowledge of fungal speciation and biocontrol potential and applications.