甘蔗是我国重要的糖料作物，但其基因组庞大且复杂，分子标记数量和种类尚远远不足，严重制约其分子育种进程。微型反向重复转座元件（MITE）因具有高拷贝数、长度短和插入多态性等特性而非常适合用来开发成简单实用高效的分子标记。本项目拟在大量前期研究基础上，1）利用生物信息学策略鉴定来源于多种甘蔗基因组序列中的MITEs转座子，明确每个MITE家族的结构特征，估算每个MITE家族的拷贝数；2）开发甘蔗MITEs转座子分子标记；3）研究MITEs转座子在甘蔗核心种质中的插入多态性，筛选出甘蔗MITEs转座子核心标记，基于MITEs转座子核心标记精准构建甘蔗核心种质的DNA身份证；4）构建甘蔗MITEs转座子及其核心标记的数据库。本项目将丰富甘蔗分子标记的数量，为甘蔗种质资源的分子精准鉴定及甘蔗的分子育种和遗传改良奠定基础。

Sugarcane is an important sugar crop in China. But due to its huge and complex genome, the number and the type of molecular markers were far not enough, which severely restricted the sugarcane molecular breeding process. Miniature inverted repeat transposable element (MITE) had been proved to be very suitable for the development of simple, practical and efficient molecular markers owing to its characteristics of high copy number in the plant genome, short length in size and insertion polymorphisms between accessions. Based on a large number of previous studies, this project aims to: 1) identify MITE transposons from several sugarcane genome sequences exploiting bioinformatics strategy and define the structure characteristics of each MITE transposon family and estimate the copy number of each MITE transposon family; 2) develop sugarcane MITE transposons based molecular markers; 3) study the insertion polymorphisms of MITE transposons among sugarcane core germplasm and screen out the core molecular markers of MITE transposons and then precisely construct the DNA ID card of sugarcane core germplasm; 4) construct the database for sugarcane MITE transposons and its core molecular markers. This project will enrich the number of molecular markers in sugarcane for laying the foundation for precisely molecular identification of sugarcane germplasm resources, molecular breeding, and genetic improvement.