面孔加工特异性是孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)研究的一个重要领域，也是ASD患者社会交流技能缺陷的重要方面。其中，ASD患者对于面孔刺激和面孔特征信息（如眼睛）的回避引起了广泛重视。但是这些结论主要基于西方ASD患者的研究，因为面孔加工模式一定程度上受到文化影响,所以基于西方ASD被试的面孔加工特异性结论不能简单地推论到中国ASD患者。另外，由于面孔加工本族效应的存在，人们加工本族和异族面孔也存在不同的模式和神经机制。本研究以中美5-10岁ASD儿童以及年龄匹配的正常发展儿童为研究对象，用眼动和 ERP方法，考察和比较中国和美国ASD儿童的面孔加工的注意模式和神经机制，以及面孔种族和面孔呈现背景对ASD儿童面孔加工的影响。另外，本研究还将通过元分析方法，考察前人针对ASD面孔加工模式的研究结论存在较大分歧的原因，探讨面孔刺激类型，被试特征以及任务类型对ASD面孔加工模式的影响。

Face processing has been widely explored in the studies on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Atypical face processing is one of the serious social cognitive deficits among individuals with ASD. Numerous behavioral studies have found that ASD individuals have profound impairments in face recognition and discrimination. Eye movement and ERP techniques allow researchers to examine ASD individuals' processing patterns and neural bases when they view faces. Overall, the existing studies using eye tracking techniques have consistently found that ASD children and adults showed reduced visual attention to faces (espectially the eye region) than their typically developing (TD) counterparts. However, the current findings were mainly based on the studies using Western ASD individuals. Considering existing evidence on the cultural difference in face processing patterns between Eastern and Western typical participants, it is worthy noticing that the atypical face processin in Chinese ASD children may imply different patterns from Western ASD children. The current study proposes to measure 5- to 10-year-old ASD children and their age-matched typical developing counterparts in both China and US in a face recogniton task using eye tracking and ERP techinieques. In addition, we also investigate whether atypical face scanning patterns in children with ASD could be generalized to faces of other races. Differential processing of own- and other-race faces has been consistently found in the typical population across ages and races. In the present study, we will examine how children with ASD and their TD counterparts process own- and other-race faces with the use of the eye tracking and ERP methodology. How the culture and backgroup of the face affect this process is also tested. Meanwhile, a meta-analysis study is also proposed to explore the causes of the controeversy in the field of face processing in ASD, in terms of stimuli types, charicterics of participants, and types of tasks.