若尔盖退化泥炭地甲烷厌氧氧化潜势及其功能微生物对氮沉降响应研究

甲烷厌氧氧化可以有效的减少自然环境中甲烷的排放，减缓因温室效应带来的全球气候变暖。在全球变化背景下，对于甲烷厌氧氧化的研究主要集中于海洋、湖泊和稻田等，对于高寒泥炭地的研究还有待深入。高寒泥炭地长期处于冷湿、缺氧环境下，有机质分解缓慢，为甲烷厌氧氧化创造了有利条件。本项目拟选取青藏高原东缘若尔盖泥炭地为研究对象，以野外试验结合室内厌氧培养和分子生态学的研究方法。在氮沉降背景下，围绕泥炭地不同退化水平与甲烷厌氧氧化之间的关系问题，重点研究不同退化条件下泥炭地甲烷厌氧氧化及其驱动因素，揭示与甲烷厌氧氧化相关的关键因子，并在此基础上通过甲烷厌氧氧化速率定量评估甲烷厌氧氧化吸收量；明确不同水位和深度泥炭土壤甲烷厌氧氧化过程及相关功能微生物群落结构和丰度对氮添加的响应，探究氮素添加对深层泥炭甲烷厌氧氧化作用影响。本研究成果可进一步为高寒泥炭地的恢复与保护提供科学依据与数据支撑。

Methane is an important greenhouse gas with strong radiative potential. Evidence from oceans, lakes and paddy fields shows that anaerobic oxidation can offset considerable portion of methane source, but our knowledge on the anaerobic oxidation of methane of peatlands is still limited. Therefore, we choose the Zoige Peatland which is the largest alpine peatland in the world as the study site. In order to observe the anaerobic oxidation process of methane in a serial peatlands under different degradation degrees, we shall conduct field sampling along with laboratory work, e.g. high throughput sequencing, clone library and incubation experimerts. Base on above-mentioned research activities, we aim at figuring out the driving factors on the anaerobic oxidation of methane, and quantifying the regional anaerobic oxidation of methane by up-scaling as well; Then show that the effects of nitrogen addition on the soil methane anaerobic oxidation and related functional microbial community structure, and its effect on the anaerobic methane oxidation of deep peat soil. Furthermore, this study could have valuable implications for alpine peatland conservation and restoration.