基于激光测高数据的月球探测器定轨和行星科学应用研究

CE-1,SELENE和LRO等近期发射的月球探测器均带有激光测高设备，激光测高数据在月球探测和行星科学中有着重要的应用，除了用于地形解算，还可以用于月球探测器轨道精度检核和轨道确定。月球LOVE数是研究月球内部结构的重要约束条件，利用激光测高数据也可以反演月球LOVE数。相比较地基测量，激光测高数据具有全球覆盖等优点，利用激光测高数据开展月球探测器轨道计算和月球LOVE数反演等研究，是对目前基于地基测量研究的有益补充。本项目研究激光测高数据在月球探测和行星科学中的应用，研发相应的数据处理软件，研究内容包括：月球探测器激光测高数据交叉点提取技术；激光测高数据系统误差标校方法；激光测高应用于月球探测器轨道确定；多探测器激光测高数据联合解算月球地形模型；利用激光测高数据解算月球LOVE数。本项目的研究工作有助于提高我国月球激光测高数据处理水平，相关研究成果可以应用于我国未来的月球和深空探测中。

The recent lunar probes such as Chang'E-1 (CE-1), SELENE and LRO all carried the laser altimeter. The laser altimeter plays a very important role in the lunar exploration and planetary science. Besides be used for solving lunar Digital Elevation Model (DEM), the laser altimeter can be also used for orbit determination and solving lunar potential Love number k2 and h2, which provides important insights to the understanding the interior structure of the Moon. Currently the lunar LOVE numbers are mainly form lunar laser ranging and satellite tracking data. Comparing with the tracking data based on the Earth station, the laser altimeter can provide planet wide measurements. Here in this proposal we propose to utilize the laser altimeter from CE-1/SELENE/LRO to study its applications in the lunar exploration and the planetary science. In this proposal, we will develop the software for data reduction, and our research work includes: (1) Improving the geolocation accuracy of the crossover for the lunar laser altimeter, especially with polar orbit; (2) Investigating the method for the laser altimeter calibration to eliminate attitude and orbit errors jointly; (3) Combining lunar laser altimeter and other Earth-based tracking data to improve the orbit accuracy of the lunar prober; (4) Combining the laser altimeter of CE-1/SELENE/LRO to evaluate lunar topography model. Combing CE-1/SELENE/LRO data sets will enhance the spatial resolution of the final topography model; (5) Solving lunar k2 and h2 with planet wide laser altimeter. The research work of this proposal will improve the lunar data processing capability in China, and some research results can be directly used in the following lunar and deep space explorations of China.