人工碱基核酸适配体用于乳腺癌肿瘤异质性的区分

由于肿瘤异质性的存在，不同乳腺癌亚型对化疗药物的敏感程度不同，发展乳腺癌细胞亚型的临床区分方法，对定制个性化治疗、预后方案和精准医学模式的转变具有重要意义。现有的基于免疫组化和影像学的临床检测方法在灵敏度和分辨率上无法满足肿瘤患者样本中细胞亚型的区分需求。人工碱基核酸适配体的小尺寸（2-3纳米）可以准确地定量细胞表面目标分子，提高对不同乳腺癌亚群的分辨率，人工碱基扩展的化学结构为核酸适配体的靶向识别提供了更为广阔的适用平台。通过人工碱基核酸适配体，有望实现临床乳腺癌组织样本中不同亚型肿瘤细胞的区分。本项目拟将人工碱基核酸适配体用于乳腺癌细胞的分子分型，为研究靶标分子在疾病进程中具体作用机制，以及进一步制定个性化治疗方案提供新的手段，有望为乳腺癌的精准治疗提供帮助。

Due to the tumor heterogeneity, the therapeutic effects of breast cancer are uncertain. Therefore, developing molecular subtyping strategies is profound for personalized medicine of breast cancer. Clinical diagnosis is mainly based on immunohistochemistry and imaging techniques. However, the current methods cannot realize precise and highly sensitive subtyping of breast cancer. The small size of aptamer (2-3 nm) can not only help the quantification of target molecules on cell surface, but also improve the precision of molecular subtyping method. Compare to traditional aptamer, the artificially expanded chemical structure can provide a wider platform for aptamer-mediated molecular recognition. Aiming to realize precise and highly sensitive molecular subtyping of breast cancer, this project puts forwards the idea of designing chemically expanded nucleotides for molecular subtyping of breast cancer. This project can also provide potential methods for pathological research, diagnosis personalized therapy and prognosis of breast cancer molecular subtypes.