DNA水凝胶去除水中低浓度重金属离子的吸附行为与机理研究

当前重金属污染日益严重，己成为危及人体健康的重大环境问题。微量重金属即具有潜在的危害性，而目前的处理技术对低浓度重金属污染水存在一定的局限性。近年来，将天然生物质用于重金属富集去除的相关研究非常活跃。生物分子DNA是由大量亲金属离子的螯合基团构成，具有许多优异的理化特性和潜在的反应活性，是一种理想的和极具前景的生物质基重金属吸附材料。本项目拟在已有研究的基础上，以天然生物高分子DNA为基材制备新型DNA水凝胶吸附材料，开展DNA水凝胶吸附重金属离子效能静态和动态批实验考察，以及吸附条件优化、吸附行为及吸附动力学等方面的应用基础研究。力争在高效能DNA水凝胶宏量制备，DNA水凝胶富集去除重金属离子的共性特征和基本规律、作用机制和吸附机理等方面做出有益的探索。以期为新型DNA基生物质重金属吸附材料开发及机理研究提供较系统的理论基础和科学依据，为低浓度重金属污染物高效脱除提供新的技术路线和方法。

Heavy metal pollution has become a major environmental problem owing to its endanger public health more and more seriously. Even traces of heavy metals are potentially dangerous, but the current methods have obvious limitations for removal of low concentration heavy metal ions from the slightly contaminated water. In recent years, using of natural biomass materials for adsorption of heavy metal ions arouses great concern by vast researchers. Research and development of high efficiency biomass-based materials is a key scientific issues in biosorption technology. Natural DNA is an excellent and promising biomass based adsorption material due to it has a large number of metal ions chelating groups, unique physicochemical properties and potential reactivity. Based on the previous achievements, this research intends to utilizing of biopolymer DNA as a basic material to preparation of novel DNA hydrogels bio-absorbent material. The removal efficiency of static and dynamic adsorption process, adsorption condition optimization, adsorption behavior and kinetics will be investigated experimentally. The objections of the research include clarifying the adsorption behavior and mechanism between DNA hydrogels and heavy metal ions. And some common characteristics and basic laws of adsorption process will be revealed. Through this research, a theoretical and scientific supports can be provided with development of biosorption method of DNA hydrogels. Additionally, this research might be indicate a novel technical process and method to removal of heavy metal ions effectively from the slightly contaminated water.