miR-26a在破骨细胞分化过程中的作用及其在骨组织工程中的应用

MicroRNA是一类长度仅为20-25nt的非编码小分子RNA, 具有调控细胞分化、增殖和器官发生等生物学行为的能力。MicroRNA引导并维持细胞的组织特异性分化的特性，在骨组织工程的靶向基因治疗中具有广泛应用前景。本项目旨在探讨miR-26a在破骨细胞分化过程中的作用及其在骨组织工程中的应用。首先通过real-time PCR检测miR-26a在破骨细胞分化过程中的表达趋势；分别利用慢病毒过表达miR-26a和miR-26a拮抗剂抑制miR-26a后，检测细胞分化相关标志基因的标志物；用生物信息学方法预测其下游靶基因，并用双荧光素酶实验检测miR-26a与靶基因的结合作用；最后利用介孔生物玻璃/丝束蛋白（MBG/Silk）支架材料构建骨组织工程中miR-26a的呈递系统，检测其在骨重建中的靶向基因治疗效果。

MicroRNAs are a kind of non-coding small RNAs, which play important roles during biological characteristics involving cell differentiation, proliferation and organogenesis. These small regulators might direct and maintain tissue-specific differentiation in targeted gene therapy in bone tissue engineering. The object of this study is to investigate the roles of miR-26a during osteoclast differentiation. Firstly, the expression patterns of miR-26a during osteoclast were detected by real-time PCR. After overexpression and suppression of miR-26a osteoclasts, the expression levels of osteoclast differentiation markers were analysed by RT-PCR and western blot. Furthermore, bioinformatics methods were used to predict its downstream target gene. The binding interaction between miR-26a and its target genes will be further confirmed by dual luciferase assay. Last of all, a novel miR-26a delivery system applied in the bone regeneration was established by the application of MBG/Silk scaffolds.