创伤可致机体免疫失衡，其发病机制未完全阐明。PIR-A/PIR-B作为新发现DCs表面受体参与调节免疫反应。我们前期研究发现，创伤后DCs表面刺激性PIR-A和抑制性PIR-B受体表达异常，最近又发现PIR-A/PIR-B参与DCs介导Th17/Treg平衡，而该平衡是维持免疫稳态的关键，此平衡失调可致免疫失衡，因此我们推测PIR-A/PIR-B受体通过调控DCs介导Th17/Treg平衡参与创伤免疫紊乱发生。为此本课题拟进行以下研究：（1）明确创伤后存在PIR-A/PIR-B表达异常和Th17/Treg失衡；（2）体外观察靶向干扰PIR-A/PIR-B表达对Th17/Treg平衡和免疫功能影响；（3）探讨PIR-A/PIR-B调控Th17/Treg平衡的分子机制；（4）在体观察过表达/沉默PIR-A/PIR-B能否纠正创伤后Th17/Treg失衡和免疫紊乱，为创伤免疫失衡防治提供新策略。

Trauma contributes to the imbalance of immune function, and its formation mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Complementary PIR-A/PIR-B receptor is a newly discovered DCs surface receptor involved in regulating immune response. Our previous experiment showed that PIR-A/PIR-B receptor expression on the DCs surface was abnormal after trauma, recently found that PIR-A/PIR-B receptor was involved in the balance of the DCs mediated Th17/Treg, and the balance is the key to maintaining immune steady state, this balance disorders can cause immune imbalance, so we speculated that PIR-A/PIR-B receptor can participate in the immune dysfunction after trauma by regulating the balance of Th17/Treg. Aims of this study were to investigate: (1) the expression of PIR-A/PIR-B activity on the DCs surface and Th17/Treg cells in the peripheral blood of traumatic patients, and (2) in vitro interferent the balance of PIR-A/PIR-B receptor activity can regulate the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells and improve the immune function, and (3) to explore the molecular mechanism of Th17/Treg imbalance, and (4) in the animal experimental to study “overexpression or silence of PIR-A/PIR-B” DCs can reverse the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells and improve immune function after trauma, so as to provide a new strategy for treating the immune dysfunction after trauma.