深入探究火星表面流域河网的产生和发展及其与含水矿物成因机制的时空演变过程具有重要意义。火星表面识别的河网水系和探测的含水矿物均主要分布于南部高地，本项目选择火星南部高地具有不同河网形态特征的流域作为研究对象，综合分析流域古地理气候环境重建中不同代用指标的定量数据，开展流域含水矿物成因机制研究。主要研究工作包括：基于影像和地形数据，计算河网形态参数和估算水文参数，分析流域地貌发育程度和判定流水侵蚀持续时间；基于高光谱影像，识别含水矿物类型，圈定其分布范围，反演含水矿物丰度。本项目研究结论对解释火星地质历史早期表面曾存在的水流活动及其消失过程，甚至对探索火星古老生命痕迹均有重要科学意义。

It’s of great significance to explore the temporal and spatial relationship between the generation and development of the valley networks and the formig mechanism of aqueous minerals within the drainage basin on Martian surface. Because the identified valley networks and detected hydrous minerals on Martian surface are mainly distributed on the southern highlands, this project chooses representative drainage basins with different network planform in Martian southern highlands for researching forming mechanism of aqueous minerals by synthetically analyze the qualitative data of the substitutive indexes during paleogeography climatic environment reconstruction. The research work mainly includes: spatial and topographic data are utilized to calculate morphological parameters for analyzing the development degree of drainage basin, and to estimate hydrological parameters for determining duration of fluvial erosion.; hyperspectral images are used to identify types of aqueous minerals, encircle their distribution extent, and retrieve their abundances. The conclusion of this project has important scientific significance to explain the water activities in Mars’ early geological history and its disappearing process, and even to search the ancient life traces on Mars.