通过发泡和交替层状设计制备高分子/碳系填料吸波材料的基本问题研究

碳系填料作为电损耗型吸波剂添加到高分子中形成吸波材料，存在阻抗匹配特性和衰减特性难以兼顾的矛盾，严重制约了吸波材料的发展。针对高分子/碳系填料吸波材料的研究现状和存在的问题，申请者围绕吸波材料的设计-制备-结构-性能开展两方面创新性研究：（1）通过发泡调控材料电磁参数，实现阻抗匹配特性和衰减特性的平衡，定量研究泡孔结构对吸波性能的影响，探讨发泡材料的吸波机理。（2）在此基础上，结合申请者已提出的层状材料吸波理论，将发泡吸波层和高分子层设计为交替层状结构，研究层间阻抗比、层数、层厚比等对吸波性能的影响。通过这些基础研究，制备反射损耗值更低、有效吸收频带更宽、力学性能更优、密度更小、填充量更少的高性能吸波材料。本申请项目的研究思路、研究内容和研究方案可行，预期成果将进一步丰富高分子复合材料的吸波理论，为制备高性能吸波材料提供新思路和新方法，具有重大的理论和现实意义。

When the carbonaceous fillers, as dielectric absorbents, were employed into polymer to fabricate microwave absorbing materials, the contradiction between the impedance matching and attenuating characteristics seriously impeded the progress of microwave absorbing materials. According to the research status and problems of carbonaceous filler/polymer microwave absorbing materials, the applicant will focus on the designing-fabricating-structure-property of microwave absorbing materials to carry out the innovative researches in two aspects: (1) Through foaming process to adjust the electromagnetic parameters and balance the impedance matching and attenuating characteristics; Investigating the influences of foam structures on the microwave absorbing properties trough quantitative method and detecting the microwave absorbing mechanisms of foam materials. (2) Based on these and combining with the microwave absorbing theory of layer materials proposed by the applicant, the foamed layer and polymer layer will be designed as alternating multilayer structures; The influences of different layer impedance, layer number and layer thickness ratio on the microwave absorbing properties will be investigated. Through these fundamental researches, the microwave absorbing materials with lower reflection loss, broader effective bandwidth, lighter bulk density and lower filler concentration will be fabricated. The ideas, contents and protocols of this research are practicable. The expected achievements will further enrich the microwave absorbing theory of polymer composites and provide new idea and method to prepare high-performance microwave absorbing materials. Therefore, this research has great theoretical and practical significance.