聚合物/石墨烯纳米复合材料因其优异性能而具有广阔的应用前景，但目前其规模化制备方面仍存在很大挑战。本项目率先提出采用水这种绿色介质辅助混炼挤出技术制备这种纳米复合材料，自主研制水辅混炼挤出的关键装置，研究制备过程中的基本科学问题。采用可视化实验和理论分析相结合的方法，研究挤出机流场作用下石墨烯/水悬浮液滴在熔体中发生的形变和破裂过程。采用单种聚合物和共混物，通过两种石墨烯加入方式，并改变加工条件，制备纳米复合材料，研究、分析其流变行为、结构形态和性能，分析流场-流变-结构形态-性能之间的内在有机联系。在此基础上，揭示水和复杂加工流场协同促进石墨烯片层剥离和分散以及聚合物/石墨烯纳米复合材料结构形态形成和演变的机理。通过本项目研究，可促进石墨烯在聚合物中良好地分散和排列，为批量、连续、高效地制备高性能、功能化的聚合物/石墨烯纳米复合材料提供理论依据，有望获得制备新材料的创新原理和关键技术。

Polymer/graphene nanocomposites exhibit extensive applications due to their superior properties. However, there is still a great challenge in their large-scale preparation. In this project, pioneering researches are carried out on preparing this kind of nanocomposites via water-assisted mixing and extrusion. Key set-up for water-assisted mixing and extrusion is developed. Fundamental scientific issues during water-assisted mixing and extrusion of polymer/graphene nanocomposites are investigated. The deformation and breakup of aqueous suspension droplets of graphene within flowing polymer melt in the extruder are investigated by combining visual experiments with theoretical analyses. The polymer/graphene nanocomposites are prepared via two incorporated modes of the graphene under different processing conditions. The rheologies, microstructure/phase morphology, and properties of the as-extruded nanocomposites are investigated and analyzed. Then the relationship among processing flow fields, rheologies, microstructure/morphology, and properties is analyzed. Based on the aforementioned results, the mechanism is revealed for synergistic promotion of the exfoliation and dispersion for the graphene and of the formation and development for the microstructure/morphology in the as-extruded polymer/graphene nanocomposites by both water and complicated processing flowing fields. This research work can help to promote the exfoliation and orientation of the graphene in polymers, and provide a theoretical base for preparing polymer/graphene nanocomposites with high properties and functionalities in a large-scale, continuous, and efficient way. Moreover, this work is expected to prompt the inventive principles and techniques for preparing novel materials.