多相不互溶液体材料在食品、药品、能源材料和化妆品等领域有巨大的应用潜力，其“相分离”机制和结构控制已成为当今材料学领域的热点课题。在细胞物理学中，不相容液体间的共存和分离被认为是一系列蛋白变异类疾病的根源。因此，近年来，生物学家率先起步，从生物蛋白的体外反应入手，开展了多项研究工作，以期能够揭开细胞内“相分离”的机理，最终达到治愈顽疾的目的。然而，受到生物过程高度复杂，高度动态且多重相互作用的影响，这些研究在起步阶段便遇到了极大的阻力，在实验设计，性能检测和数据分析等方面困难重重。本课题从高端回归基础，重点聚焦低分子量液体材料，将在最基本的无机液体体系中探求不互溶液体间的“相分离”机理，从而精准控制液体材料的结构。结构影响性质，性质决定功能。本课题的研究成果既能扩展多相不互溶液体材料在工业领域中的应用，又能对细胞内“相分离”机制提供理论依据和基础性的实验证据。

Multiple immiscible liquid systems can be used in food, medicine, energy materials and cosmetics. Therefore, the mechanisms of phase separation in such systems become the focus of much attention. In cell physiology, intracellular liquid-liquid phase separation is thought to drive the formation of condensed liquid-like droplets of protein, RNA, and other biomolecules, which may underlie devastating protein aggregation diseases. In recent years, biological experiments and a serious of research have been carried out for elucidating how intracellular matter contribute to both cell physiology and disease. However, because of the complex and high dynamics of intracellular processes, these studies are confronted with great difficulties even in the preliminary stage. This present project, however, will get down to the basics of liquid materials. It focuses on the low-molecular weight liquid systems, investigates the mechanisms of phase separation, and studies the roles played by different parameters in controlling the final structures of the systems. It is well known that the structure can strongly influent the properties of liquid materials, which further determinate their functions and applications. The achievements of this project can not only greatly expand the versatility of multiple-immiscible liquid materials, but also provide a critical insight into the phase separation mechanisms in cell physiology.