高性能电极材料的开发是化学电源研究领域最核心的主题之一。构筑兼具离子和电子高速传导特征的三维分级多孔微结构是提高电极材料性能的有效举措。本项目针对氧化钌粉体电化学活性利用率偏低的问题，开展可控构筑氧化钌/石墨烯三维分级多孔复合结构的研究。首次采用基于两亲分子的软模板法一步合成微纳分级结构氧化钌空心微球。研究微球形貌演变的影响因素及规律，揭示氧化钌空心微球的可控合成机理。再通过液相分子级混合，引入石墨烯导电支架，可控构筑具有三维分级多孔特性的氧化钌/石墨烯复合电极，形成电子、离子高速传输的通道。探究水热反应条件和热处理程序对复合材料孔结构、结晶性、均匀分散性和电化学性能的影响机制，结合电极过程动力学、热力学和复合结构的离子、电子传输状况，阐述电能存储机理。研究成果将为高性能超级电容器的研制提供新思路，具有重要的学术价值和应用前景。

The development of high-performance electrode material is one of the fundamental pillars of chemical power source research. Constructing three-dimensional hierarchical porous microstructure featuring high-speed transportation of ions and electrons is an effective approach to enhance the performance of electrodes. In this project, the controllable construction of RuO2/graphene composite with three-dimensional hierarchical porous microstructure will be conducted to promote the electrochemical utilization of RuO2 powders. It’s the first time that hollow RuO2 microspheres with hierarchical micro/nanostructures would be fabricated via a one-pot amphipathic-molecular-based soft-template-induced method. The influence factors and underlying rules on the evolution of hollow RuO2 microspheres would be studied to reveal the mechanism of controllable synthesis. Then, molecular level liquid mixing method would be adopted to introduce graphene-derived conducting scaffold for controllable constructing RuO2/graphene composite electrode with three-dimensional hierarchical porous characteristics, featuring high-speed transportation of electrons and ions. The influence mechanism of hydrothermal reaction condition and heat treatment procedure on pore structure, crystallinity, uniform distribution and electrochemical properties of as-prepared composite will be explored. The explanation of the energy storage mechanism would be analyzed based on electrode process dynamic and thermodynamic theories, and the transportation condition of ions and electrons in as-prepared composites. The achievements of this project would provide a new clue for developing high-performance supercapacitors, which is of great academic values and application potentials.