玫瑰皮刺形成关键基因的挖掘及其分子调控机制研究

玫瑰是优良的园林绿化材料和珍贵的天然香料植物，其花可提取玫瑰精油、制成玫瑰花茶，经济和保健价值极高。然而玫瑰茎杆上密布皮刺，导致在花朵采摘及田间管理过程中存在诸多不便。明确玫瑰皮刺形成的关键基因，并揭示其调控的分子机制，对玫瑰皮刺性状的分子遗传改良具有重要意义。本项目拟在前期研究的基础上，首先利用基因超表达和CRISPR/Cas9编辑技术，验证已筛选出的可能与玫瑰皮刺形成相关的候选基因的生物学功能，挖掘关键基因，并筛选获得多刺、无刺表型的转基因玫瑰株系；接着以野生型和转基因玫瑰植株为试材，利用转录组测序和染色质免疫沉淀测序技术，从转录水平筛选受玫瑰皮刺形成关键基因直接调控的下游靶基因；利用免疫沉淀和质谱联用技术，从蛋白水平筛选与关键基因协同调控皮刺发育的互作蛋白，最终系统揭示玫瑰皮刺形成的基因调控网络，从而丰富植物表皮毛发育与调控的相关理论，为接下来创制‘无刺’玫瑰新种质奠定基础。

Rose (Rosa rugosa) is an excellent landscaping material and a precious natural spice plant. Its flowers can be used to extract rose essential oil and make rose tea, which has high economic and health value. However, the prickles on the stems of R. rugosa have caused great inconvenience in flower picking and field management. So it is important for genetic improvement of prickle traits by identifing the key genes and revealing the molecular regulation mechanism of prickle formation in R. rugosa. Based on the previous studies, firstly, the gene overexpression and CRISPR/Cas9 editing techniques will be used to verify the biological functions of the candidate genes which may be related to the formation of rose prickles in this project, and then the key genes will be excavated and transgenic rose lines with spiny and non-spiny phenotypes will be selected. Then, wild-type and transgenic rose lines will be used as test materials to screen downstream target genes directly regulated by key genes of rose prickle formation at the transcription level through the transcriptome sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing technology, to screen the interacting proteins with key genes to regulate the rose prickle development at the protein level through the immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry technology, and finally the gene regulatory network of rose prickle formation will be preliminary revealed. The research findings of this project will enrich the theory of plant epidermal hair development and regulation, and lay the foundation for the subsequent creation of a new thornless rose germplasm.