不同类型高产氮高效水稻品种的氮肥减施对策与生理机制
结题报告
批准号:
32001465
项目类别:
青年科学基金项目
资助金额:
24.0 万元
负责人:
剧成欣
依托单位:
学科分类:
稻类作物栽培学
结题年份:
2023
批准年份:
2020
项目状态:
已结题
项目参与者:
剧成欣
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中文摘要
减少氮肥施用,提高氮素利用效率是促进农业可持续发展的重要举措。高产氮高效水稻品种在中低施氮水平下的产量较高,表现出较好的减氮潜力,但是适用于高产氮高效品种的减氮技术和标准尚不明确,不同源库类型高产氮高效水稻品种对减氮时期和减氮量的响应特点和生理机制尚不清楚。本项目拟以不同源库类型氮高效水稻品种为材料,设置移栽前、分蘖前期、拔节始期与颖花分化期四个减氮时期,以不减氮处理和各施氮时期平均减氮为对照,研究不同施用时期氮肥减施对水稻产量形成和氮素吸收利用的影响,确定适宜减氮时期;在此基础上设置不同减氮量处理,确定不同类型品种的适宜减氮量。从水稻根系形态生理、冠层光合荧光、氮代谢与同化物运转等农艺生理特性方面阐明不同源库类型氮高效水稻品种对不同减氮时期和减氮量的响应差异及生理机制,以期优化高产氮高效水稻品种的减氮策略。为推进我国化肥零增长行动方案,指导水稻高效生态栽培与生产提供参考。
英文摘要
Reducing nitrogen application and improving resource efficiency were important measures to promote the sustainable development of agriculture. Nitrogen efficiency varieties with high yield (NEV) exhibited better yield performance under medium and lower nitrogen application rates, therefore showed better nitrogen reducing potential. However, the nitrogen reducing techniques and standards for NEV are still ambiguous, and the response characteristics and mechanism of NEV with different source-sink type to nitrogen reducing stages (NRS) and nitrogen reducing rates (NRR) are still unclear. We investigated this issue using rice varieties differing in source-sink type, and four NRS, i.e. before transplanting, early tillering, jointing stage and spikelet differentiation stage, were set up. That is to say, the application of basal nitrogen, tillering dressing nitrogen, spikelet promoting nitrogen and spikelet developing nitrogen reduced respectively, contrast with no nitrogen reducing treatment and average nitrogen reducing treatment at different nitrogen application stages. The effects of different NRS on rice yield formation and nitrogen uptake and utilization were studied, and the reasonable NRS was determined. Different NRR were set up based on previous research, in order to determine the reasonable NRR. The response characteristics of rice root morphology and physiology, canopy photosynthesis and fluorescence, nitrogen metabolism and assimilate translocation and distribution in different NRS and NRR were explored, aim at illustrating the differences and physiological mechanisms of NEV with different source-sink type in response to different NSS and NRR, in the hope of optimizing the nitrogen reducing strategies and giving full play to the nitrogen reducing potential of NEV. This study will provide references for promoting the action plan of zero fertilizer growth in China and guiding the efficient ecological cultivation and production of rice.
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DOI:10.3390/agronomy11030462
发表时间:2021-03-01
期刊:AGRONOMY-BASEL
影响因子:3.7
作者:Ju, Chengxin;Zhu, Yiwen;Sun, Chengming
通讯作者:Sun, Chengming
DOI:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2021.11.014
发表时间:2022-01-01
期刊:BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING
影响因子:5.1
作者:Zhao, Yuanyuan;Wu, Wei;Liu, Tao
通讯作者:Liu, Tao
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020192
发表时间:2021
期刊:Agronomy
影响因子:--
作者:Chengxin Ju;Tao Liu;Chengming Sun
通讯作者:Chengming Sun
DOI:10.3389/fpls.2022.851245
发表时间:2022
期刊:FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
影响因子:5.6
作者:Yao Zhaosheng;Liu Tao;Yang Tianle;Ju Chengxin;Sun Chengming
通讯作者:Sun Chengming
DOI:10.1002/fes3.477
发表时间:2023-06
期刊:Food and Energy Security
影响因子:5
作者:Chengxin Ju;Chen Chen-Chen;Rui Li;Yuanyuan Zhao;Xiaochun Zhong;Ruilin Sun;Tao Liu;Chengming Sun
通讯作者:Chengxin Ju;Chen Chen-Chen;Rui Li;Yuanyuan Zhao;Xiaochun Zhong;Ruilin Sun;Tao Liu;Chengming Sun
国内基金
海外基金