子宫内膜异位症(EMs)是妇科常见疑难病，疼痛是其最常见的临床症状，严重影响患者的身心健康，缓解疼痛仍然是目前治疗EMs的首要任务。EMs是一种雌激素依赖性疾病，近年研究发现雌激素可以通过增加神经生长因子（NGF） 的生成参与疼痛的发生，NGF在诱导神经肽的同时增加感觉神经元的数量，在EMs疼痛及痛觉过敏的发生中起重要作用。有证据表明NGF诱导的痛觉增敏主要是通过激活瞬时受体电位辣椒素亚型1（TRPV1）起作用。由此推测雌激素介导的NGF调节机制可能在EMs疼痛的发生中发挥作用。前期研究发现补肾温阳化瘀疗法在缓解EMs患者痛经、改善盆腔疼痛等方面疗效显著，并且能够调节患者紊乱的生殖激素、抑制血管生成、改善黏附状态。补肾温阳化瘀疗法是否通过影响雌激素介导的NGF调节机制发挥“通则不痛”、缓解EMs疼痛的作用值得研究。这对于阐释中医药治疗痛证的作用机制，丰富和完善中医妇科治疗学具有重要意义。

Endometriosis is a clinical common, frequently-occurring disease of gynaecology, pain is the most common clinical symptom, and seriously affects the quality of life of patients, pain relief is still the top priority of the current treatment . Endometriosis is a kind of estrogen dependent disease, in recent years, the study found that estrogen participated in pain by increasing the NGF, NGF plays in the induction of neuropeptides and at the same time increases the number of sensory neurons, including plays an important role in the occurrence of pain and hyperalgesia, at the same time there is evidence that the pain sensitization induced by NGF is mainly by activating TRPV1. From this we speculate that the NGF regulating mechanism mediated by estrogen may play an important role in the pain of EMs. Our previous study found that the therapy of tonifying kidney warming yang removing blood stasis can inhibit　the development of endometriosis by adjusting the disorder of reproductive hormones, inhibiting angiogenesis, reducing the state of adhesion. Also found that it was remarkable to ease dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain .This project intends to further study on the effect of the therapy on NGF regulating mechanism mediated by estrogen, to reveal the mechanism of Chinese Medicine treatment on pain. It is of great significance to interpret the mechanism of Chinese Medicine on pain, also enrich and perfect the TCM therapeutics of gynaecology.