人体微生物，特别是肠道微生物与人类疾病关系的研究是近年来热点之一，肠道微生物在肥胖、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病和自身免疫性疾病等方面研究，取得了重要进展，并已证实肠道微生物与肝硬化存在着一定的关系，但肠道微生物结构和功能基因多样性与肝脏疾病的研究尚未见报道，尤其是与肝癌相关性研究，目前仍是空白。甘肃省属于乙型肝炎高发地区，是全国平均发病率的近2倍，目前乙型肝炎、肝硬化及肝癌已成为西部高发疾病，寻找新的治疗方式十分紧迫。因此，本项目拟从肠道微生物角度出发，以健康人、肝脏疾病患者为研究对象，通过构建动物模型，运用宏基因组学，结合PCR及ELISA方法，研究肝脏疾病患者肠道微生物结构和功能基因多样性，肠道免疫因子GM-CSF和NLRP3的变化特征及其影响因素，结合临床指标，探讨肠道微生物结构和功能基因多样性及免疫因子与肝脏疾病关系，为肝炎、肝硬化及肝癌的预防和治疗提供科学依据。

The study of human microbes, especially intestinal microbes and human diseases is one of the hot spots in recent years. Intestinal microbes have been studied in obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and autoimmune diseases. There is a relationship intestinal microbes and liver cirrhosis, but the research of diversity of intestinal microbial structure and functional gene and liver disease has not been reported, especially research with liver cancer is still blank. Gansu Province is a high incidence of hepatitis B, is twice that of national average incidence, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer has become a high incidence in the west, looking for new treatment is very urgent. Therefore, from the perspective of intestinal microbes, this project intends to study the intestinal microbial structure and functional gene of liver disease patients by using the genomics and animal model, combined with PCR and ELISA , researching intestinal immune factors GM-CSF and NLRP3 and its influencing factors, combined with clinical indicators, to explore the relationships of immune factors and intestinal microbial diversity of structure and functional gene and liver disease. It will provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment of hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer.