半夏为天南星科植物半夏的干燥块茎，因具有止咳、抗肿瘤等功效而受到多方重视。然而随着种植规模的扩大，烟草花叶病毒（TMV）等病毒病对半夏的危害也愈发严重，已成为制约半夏生产的瓶颈。利用化学农药防治半夏病毒病不仅易引起环境污染，而且也极易造成半夏农药残留超标，因此，寻求一种安全有效的半夏病毒病防治方法势在必行。有研究表明源于革兰氏阴性植物病原细菌分泌的Harpin蛋白具有促进植物生长和提高广谱抗性的作用，而且项目前期将一种Harpin蛋白Hpa1喷施半夏叶片，然后用TMV进行攻毒，通过症状观察和病毒含量测定，发现Hpa1能够显著提高半夏对TMV的抗性水平，但其抗TMV分子机理目前尚不清楚。本项目拟在前期工作基础上，重点解析其抗性机理, 同时探索Hpa1诱导TMV抗性的田间适用性。研究结果对于认识Hpa1的抗病毒机制具有重要的科学意义，同时也为利用Hpa1进行半夏抗TMV大规模应用提供技术支持。

Pinellia ternata is a perennial herb, effective in antitumor, antitussive, etc. With the rising demand in market, large-scale development of Chinese herbal medicine is in need. However, with the continuous expansion of planting scale, the harm from tobacco mosaic virus has become more and more serious, greatly affected the yield and quality of Pinellia ternata. At present, using chemical pesticides to prevent plant virus not only can cause environmental pollution easily, but also can bring about excessive levels of the pesticide residues. Therefore, it’s imperative to seek a plant virus disease prevention method, which is both economical and up to the standard of management of Chinese herbal medicine GAP. And the use of some specific broad-spectrum defense response elicitor such as gram-negative Harpin proteins generated by plant pathogenic bacteria to stimulate effective resistance is an effective way. In our previous study, the Hpa1 proteins are sprayed onto the leaves of Pinellia ternate firstly, then the TMV was inoculated, after symptom observation and virus content detection, we found that Hpa1 can significantly improve the level of resistance to TMV in Pinellia ternata, but its antiviral molecular mechanism is unclear. This project intends to reveal the molecular mechanism of Hpa1 improving pinellia resistance to TMV, and to explore the applicability of Hpa1 induced TMV resistance in the field. The implementation of this project is to understand how Hpa1 deter TMV infection of pinellia has important scientific significance, and also to provide technical support of the use of Hpa1 for improving pinellia resistance to TMV in large-scale application.