香蕉果实对温度敏感，而温度胁迫可导致采后果实品质劣变。miRNA是调控植物逆境反应的重要因子，但有关miRNA在采后香蕉果实温度胁迫应答中的调控作用，迄今尚未见报道。在前期研究香蕉采后品质劣变生理的基础上，根据果树作物miRNA的研究最新成果，推测miRNA可能调控与温度胁迫信号转导途径相关的多个基因的表达，从而在采后香蕉温度胁迫应答中起关键作用。为证实这一假说，本项目将以miRNA为切入点，采用深度测序手段，结合生物信息学和生理生化及分子生物学的研究方法，明确果实中miRNA的种类和在不同温度胁迫条件下miRNA及相应靶基因在果实不同部位的表达差异，揭示miRNA与温度胁迫应答及抗逆相关生理生化的关联性，进而解析miRNA在温度胁迫导致果实品质劣变过程中的作用方式，最终阐明miRNA在采后香蕉温度胁迫应答中的调控机制，为研发防止温度胁迫导致香蕉品质劣变的新技术提供理论基础和新的思路。

Banana is sensitive to temperature stress, which usually causes the deterioration of fruit quality during storage and transportation. While its regulatory mechanism remains unclear, miRNA, as an emerging important regulator in plant stress responses, provides new insights into the regulation of the adaptability of banana fruit to unfavorable storage temperatures. Within this context, we propose to identify and characterize, via deep sequecing technology and bioinformatic analysis, both conserved and novel miRNA species of banana (Musa acuminata) fruit. Also, the targets of the identified banana miRNAs will be predicted and validated by degradome sequencing. Comparative analysis of miRNA experession will be conducted to identify significantly up-regulated or down-regulated miRNAs in either the peel or the pulp of banana fruit under different temperature stresses. Combining the changes in fruit physiology and biochemistry in regard to stress response, we propose to reveal the regulatory role that miRNAs play in fruit response to temperature stress, which will provide theoretical bases for the new ideas of controlling temperature-induced postharvest fruit deterioration in banana industry.