一种新的聚合反应实施方法研究：水分散纳米交联缩聚反应制备聚合物碳点

聚合物碳点是一种新型碳基纳米荧光基元材料，具有低毒、发光效率高、成本低等特点，在生物标记、成像及光电材料等领域具有重要的应用前景。多官能度单体水热交联缩聚是制备聚合物碳点的主要实施方法，聚合反应在纳米微环境下具有交联和凝胶特点，聚合诱导相分离推动反应平衡向产物方向移动是该缩聚反应实施方法的主要推动力。本项目拟通过理论模型和详细实验研究，包括水相成核机制，反应动力学，单体极性、平均官能度与纳米微区稳定性的关系等，提出一种新的聚合反应实施方法，即水分散纳米交联缩聚反应方法。我们将建立一个聚合诱导相分离推动反应平衡移动的理论模型，研究其普适性规律，进一步指导单体分子设计、反应体系设计和反应条件控制，为制备新型高性能聚合物碳点材料提供理论支持。

As a new type of carbon based nano fluorescent element materials, polymer carbon dots has an important application prospect in the fields of biological markers, imaging and photoelectric materials, because of the excellent advantages, such as high low toxicity, luminous efficiency and low cost. Hydrothermal crosslinking polycondensation of polyfunctional monomers is a main implementation method for the preparation of polymer carbon dots. The polymerization reaction has the characteristics of crosslinking and gelation in the nano microenvironment, and the main driving force for the implementation of the polymerization reaction is the polymerization induced phase separation and the promotion of the reaction equilibrium to the product. This project intends to study the detailed experimental and theoretical models, including aqueous nucleation mechanism, reaction kinetics, the relationships between the monomer polarity, average functionality and the stability of nano microenvironment, put forward a new method of polymerization, i.e. water dispersible nano crosslinking polycondensation method. We will establish a theoretical model concerned with polymerization induced phase separation promoting reaction equilibrium movement, investigate its adaptive and universality, to further guide the monomer molecule design, reaction system design and the control of reaction condition, providing theoretical support for the preparation of novel high performance polymer carbon dots.