植物表皮毛细胞响应声波刺激的力-电转导及动力学机制

植物适应胁迫而生存得益于其巧妙的防御体系。拟南芥能够特异性响应昆虫咀嚼声波刺激并分泌防御性毒素。拟南芥表皮毛细胞具有力敏感特性和捕获声波的能力，然而其触发毒素分泌的力-电转导及动力学响应机制不清楚。本项目拟搭建双轴激光测振实验平台、建立有限元仿真和理论力学模型，分析表皮毛细胞固有频率、模态振型和频谱响应等特征，揭示声波刺激拟南芥表皮毛细胞的动力学响应规律；搭建声波发射与显微电化学检测联合实验平台，检测不同频率声波刺激下pH、钙离子、防御性毒素浓度，揭示声波刺激对表皮毛细胞防御性毒素分泌的影响规律；分析昆虫咀嚼声波的频谱特征与防御性毒素分泌之间的关系，阐明植物对昆虫咀嚼声波刺激的特异性防御响应的动力学机制。本项目有助于理解植物“听觉”产生机理和促进农作物虫害的声波防治应用。

Plants survive in various stress due to their smart defense system. That is because the plant cells adaptively response to the stresses. The signal transduction is the key process to understand the relationship between multi-scales structures and functions. The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana has recently been shown to accumulate noxious substances caused by caterpillars chewing leaves in response to sound waves. However, the mechanisms for the mechano-electrical transduction remains a mystery. We will characterize the modal shape and frequency spectrum of a trichome in response to acoustic stimulation by a laser Doppler vibrometry system. We will then determine if acoustic vibrations promote the release of protective toxins from papillae of the trichome via an electrochemical testing system. Finally, we will reveal how the Insect chewing sound enhance the synthesis and secretion of defensive toxins in the trichome wall or the migration of toxins through it. This project will help to further understand the mechano-electrical coupling properties of plant cells and plant ears.