北京猿人遗址是中国最具代表性的旧石器时代考古地点之一。本项目以这一遗址新近（2009－2015年）发掘出土的近万件动物化石及石制品为目标对象，通过对动物骨骼多重属性的观察、统计和分析研究遗址各层堆积中动物化石的来源，尤其是与古人类活动的关系；通过微痕和实验分析手段对石制品的技术、类型、功能开展研究，探讨古人类开发资源的种类、能力及其反映的适应行为方式；通过对烧骨、烧石等材料的实验观察和分析测试探寻古人类控制用火的直接证据; 通过对现存典型剖面的考古发掘、系统采样和测试，分析遗址各层位的沉积过程、成因与古环境背景。结合年代学研究成果，了解古人类资源利用、生计方式、居住模式与季节性特点以及对不同环境、生态的适应能力和方式。在古人类对遗址的利用方式、狩猎行为等具有高度争议的热点学科问题上取得一批可信度更高的研究结论，并对北京猿人以及东亚古人类的生存与演化模式尝试做出新的理论阐释

Peking man site at Zhoukoudian is one of the most representative Paleolithic sites in China. Ten thousands of pieces of faunal remains and stone artifacts yielded from the new excavation seasons during 2009-2015 will be analyzed in this project. Through multidimentional observations and statistical analyses of the skeletal remains to determine the varying accumulating agents of the bones from the many.horizons at the site; through technological and functional analyses of the stone artifacts to detect resources exploited by humans and the functional associations between tools and co-occurred animal bones; through actualistic studies of the possible burnt bones and stones to testify evidence of in situ fire use of Peking man in the cave. And confined within the chronological framework, formation processes and paleoenvironment of different strata or cultural horizons will be finally reconstructed through systematic samplings and laboratary analyses; and Peking man's adaptive subsistence strategies catering to these environmental oscilations will be accordingly discussed. To sum up, the aim of the present study is to answer some fundamental questions and challenges raised during the past decades on Peking man's hunting activity and the way the cave was used by carnivores and/or humans and thus to provide some tentative theoretical interpretation on the adaptive subsistence patterns of the Homo erectus in East Asia.