钠/金属氯化物(ZEBRA)电池比容量高、循环寿命长、安全性好，但300-350℃的运行温度会延长启动时间、加速老化、需消耗自身部分能量维持高温、所附加热管理系统增加成本并降低电池组能量密度。针对以上问题，本项目提出采用Na(l)/β〞-Al2O3/RCl-AlCl3离子液体/MCl2新体系将运行温度降至140-180℃ (R为咪唑或磺酰类氯盐，M为过渡金属）。该课题将围绕MCl2/离子液体电化学界面反应过程和失效机理等关键问题展开：研究掌握离子液体组成对其化学、物理性质以及电化学性能的影响规律；制备高性能复合离子液体；研究离子液体和MCl2阴极界面在不同荷电情况下化学及微观结构稳定性、电化学氧化还原稳定性，揭示电极失效机理；研究添加剂(S、FeS和Al)对以上各种稳定性的影响机制，实现MCl2电极在离子液体中长期稳定快速可逆的循环，为大幅降低ZEBRA电池运行温度打下坚实的科学基础。

The ZEBRA cell, which uses the sodium-metal chloride couple, offers high specific capacity, long cycle life and excellent safety, but operating at 300-350℃ requires a long start-up time, decreases the seal durability, accelerates degradation, consumes some energy to maintain the high temperature, increases the cost and decreases the pack energy density due to an additional thermal management system. Here a new ZEBRA cell is proposed, Na(l)/β〞-Al2O3/RCl-AlCl3 ionic liquid/MCl2 (where R is Imidazole or Sulfonyl class, and M is a transition metal), to lower the operating temperature to 140-180℃..First, certain ionic liquids will be characterized to obtain the physical, chemical and electrochemical properties, then the ionic liquids with a high ionic conductivity and a wide electrochemical window will be prepared by mixing some ionic liquids with desired properties..Second, it will be carried out to study the physical, chemical and electrochemical behaviors on the interface between the metal(II) chloride electrode and the selected ionic liquid candidates. The kinetics and reversibility of the electrochemical oxidation/reduction processes occurring on the electrode surface will be explored. The chemical and morphological stabilities of metal(II) chloride electrode in the ionic liquid under charged state will be discussed. The degradation mechanism of the electrode/ionic liquid will be proposed..Third, in order to realize the long cycle life of metal chloride electrode in ionic liquid, the roles of different additives (S, FeS, Al) on the chemical/morphological stabilities, the electrochemical reversibility and reaction kinetics of the metal chloride electrode will be investigated.