克氏原螯虾自引入我国以来，短短几十年的时间，已几乎遍布全国各地。克氏原螯虾分布的多数水域之间地形复杂，明显存在地理隔离屏障，加上克氏原螯虾本身的特点，如对环境的敏感性和突变速率快等，使其成为短期进化物种系统地理学理想的研究对象。目前我国克氏原螯虾的相关研究多以养殖为主，对其在系统地理学及微进化方面的研究尚未见任何报道。本项目利用GBS（Genotyping-by-Sequencing）技术从全基因组水平开发出更有效的用于分子系统地理学研究的核基因遗传分子标记，研究我国克氏原螯虾种群的遗传结构和遗传变异，比较不同遗传分子标记的遗传变异以及系统发生关系，分析克氏原螯虾分布区内潜在的地理隔离对其系统地理结构的影响，探讨环境变化对克氏原螯虾的种群动态变化的影响，从分子遗传学的角度探明克氏原螯虾在我国的种群变化和系统地理格局以及与环境的关系，进而揭示克氏原螯虾在我国的种群进化过程。

The red swamp crayfish, Procambus clarkii, almost distributed in whole country in several decades after it was introduced into China. The terrains and water areas where the crayfish distributed are complex, and there exist obvious geographical isolation barriers among them. The crayfish are sensitive to enviroments and have high mutation rates. So, the crayfish in China could be an ideal study object for phylogeography of microevolution species. However, most studys of the crayfish focus on its culture and breeding, and there is no document to use its value in phylogeography and micoevolution. Thus, in the present project, we will 1) develop more efficient molecular markers on genome levels to study its phylogeography using Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) technology, 2) detect the crayfish population genetic structure and variation, 3) compare the variation and phylogeny detected by different molecular markers, 4) analyze how the potential geography barriers existing among the water areas where the crayfish distributed impact on phylogeographic structure, 5) explore how the eviroment changes impact on the populations dynamics changes of the crayfish, 6) invesigate the correlations of crayfish population changes, geographical landscape patterns and eviroment changes in China, and 7) discover how the crayfish population evoluted in China.