规模猪场养殖环境中耐药质粒多态性及转移机制研究

多重耐药质粒是介导抗生素抗性在不同病原菌传播的重要载体，而养殖环境由于经常暴露在抗生素作用下，成为耐药基因、耐药质粒和耐药菌的重要储存库。研究耐药质粒在养殖环境耐药微生物组中的多态性及转移机制，对了解耐药基因的传播机制与演变规律具有重要的意义，可以为评估耐药基因的传播风险提供支持，由于之前技术条件等限制，这一领域目前报道很少。本课题基于微生物学、分子生物学、宏基因组学和新型三代测序技术，针对猪场养殖环境中介导耐药性传播的质粒这一重要载体，进行以下研究：（1）猪场养殖环境中多重耐药质粒的组成结构及分布规律；（2）猪场养殖环境中新型耐药质粒的鉴定与传播机制研究；（3）建立基于单分子测序技术的耐药组多重耐药质粒分析方法及流程，为更多的耐药组深度研究提供支持。通过以上的研究，以期为评估养殖环境中耐药基因的传播风险、控制多重耐药质粒传播提供新思路。

Multidrug resistance (MDR) plasmids are vital vectors facilitating antibiotic resistance transmission among different pathogens in various environments. Animal farming environment is the important reservior of resistance genes, resistance plasmids and resistant pathogens due to extensive antibiotics exposure. Study on the polymorphism and transmission mechanism of resistance plasmids in farming environments will benefit the understanding of resistance genes transfer and evolution and provide support to risk assessment of resistance genes transfer; however, related studies are very few as a result of technology limitations. This project will utilize microbiology, molecular biology, metagenomics and novel third-generation sequencing technologies, to investigate resistance plasmids in industrial pig farming environments from the following aspects: (1) Composition and distribution of multidrug resistance plasmids in pig farming environments; (2) Identification and transmission study of novel resistance plasmids in pig farming environments; (3) Establish the analysis methods and workflow of resistance plasmids among resistome based on single molecule DNA sequencing technology, to support the in-depth study of resistomes of different environments. Through the above research, new strategies of evaluation on resistance genes transmission risk among farming environments and controlling the spread of MDR plasmids will be proposed.