农民工随迁子女义务教育：中央与地方事权和支出责任划分研究

项目研究在我国基本公共服务领域事权与支出责任划分取得重大进展和农民工子女受教育权利仍然缺乏保障的背景下，从理论上进一步深化随迁子女义务教育财政研究，构建农民工随迁子女义务教育中央与地方事权和支出责任划分的理论分析框架。从财政公平视角对农民工随迁子女义务教育状况开展实证分析，从财政分权视角对地方政府教育支出行为及偏差问题进行解释，探讨中央与地方事权和支出责任划分及相互作用的机理，构建农民工随迁子女义务教育中央与地方政府支出责任划分相关模型。. 根据实证与规范分析、理论与国际比较的结论，细化中央和地方事权划分，构建“中央兜底、省级统筹”支出责任划分框架；调整完善中央和省级政府转移支付制度，构建事权分类分档转移支付模型；考核地方政府经费支出绩效，加强激励与监督；最终形成稳定、科学、良性、法制的农民工随迁子女义务教育中央与地方事权和支出责任划分制度安排。

A great progress has been made on the division of the governance and expenditure responsibility in the field of basic public services in China, however, the educational rights of children from migrant workers’ family are still insecure. This research project aims to formulate a theoretical framework of central-local governance and expenditure responsibility in compulsory education finance of migrant workers’ children. From the perspective of fiscal equity and fiscal decentralization, the project conducts an empirical analysis on the compulsory education of the children of migrant workers. It is expected to explain the local government’s education expenditure behaviors and deviations under the population flow, to explore the division and interaction mechanism between central and local administrative rights and expenditure responsibilities of compulsory education, and to construct a relevant model for the division of the responsibility of central and local government’s expenditure. . Furthermore, according to the conclusion of empirical and normative analysis as well as theoretical and international comparison, the division of powers of the central and local governments at all levels is refined, and the framework of expenditure responsibility division of “Covering support by Centre while overall planing by Province” is constructed. Our expectation is to improve the transfer payment systems of the central and provincial governments and establish a classification model of transfer payment that it assesses the performance of local government expenditure and strengthens incentive and supervision. Eventually, a stable, scientific, optimal and legal system will be formed to divide the administrative rights and expenditure responsibilities of the central and local governments for the compulsory education of the children of migrant workers.