精浆外泌体调控水牛精子活力的分子机制研究

精子是特异分化的细胞，基因组的转录和翻译功能处于沉默状态，主要依赖于精浆发育内环境调节成熟过程。其中，精浆外泌体在精子成熟和受精过程中扮演重要角色。水牛是南方亚热带地区重要的大型家畜，具有广泛的产业开发价值。但水牛的繁殖率较低，精浆外泌体异常可能是导致水牛精子活力低下和高畸形率的原因之一。本项目拟开展水牛精浆外泌体与精子活力关系的研究，通过精子和外泌体浆孵育，定量蛋白质组学，以及miRNA测序的研究策略，找出外泌体与精子的融合转运机制，发现外泌体调节精子活力的关键因子并进行功能验证和靶标蛋白分析，进而揭示活力相关基因调控的分子机制。并通过外泌体miRNA分析，评价生殖辅助诊断的生物标志物。本研究有助于解释水牛精子活力低下的成因，并应用于指导水牛新品种选育。

Spermatozoa is one kind cell with special differentiation. The transcription and translation of genome remain unchanged. The mature procedure were rely on the regulation of micro-environment in seminal plasma. Particularly, the seminal exosome play an important role in sperm maturation and fertilization. Buffalo is the most important livestock which have extensive industrial development value in south subtropical area. However, The buffalo have low reproduction rate. The seminal exosome parasecretion may contribute to low sperm motility and high aberration rate. In this project, the relation of buffalo seminal exosome and sperm motility were studied. In order to discover the mechanism of sperm-exosome fusion and transfer, and to illuminate the key factor in exosome regulation, co-incubation of sperm and exosome, quantitative proteomics, and miRNA sequencing technology was employed. Subsequently, the function and protein targeting interaction of key proteins were validated. this results are helpful for reveal the regulation mechanism of key gene. In addition, the miRNA sequencing were performed and evaluate the feasibility of biomarker for reproduction auxiliary diagnosis. This study is help to explain the cause of low vitality and it can be applicated in buffalo breeding.