中国大气污染形势严峻，严重阻碍了经济的发展。尽管政府出台的大气污染控制政策在一定程度上减缓了大气污染的进程，但由于这些政策大多以命令控制型为主，既没有考虑不同企业的边际治理成本也没有考虑大气污染的社会损害成本，其治理效果并不显著。因此中国急需有效的大气污染控制政策，而科学合理地评估大气污染经济损失是制定有效污染治理政策的前提和保证。本研究旨在通过评估大气污染的社会损害成本，确定有效的大气污染治理政策。首先，基于生产者和新消费者理论，对大气污染经济损失评估的理论进行研究；在此基础上，利用两阶段特征价格模型对大气污染的社会损害成本进行量化评估；其次，通过空间计量经济学模型来分析空间效应对量化评估结果的影响；最后，以上述量化评估结果为基础，通过构建大气污染有效治理的政策模型，对其进行实证模拟以计算有效的排放标准、排污税水平和排污许可证价格，并通过比较三种政策的福利变化来确定最终的有效政策选择。

China confronts severe air pollution problems, which seriously and negatively affects China's economic growth. Though the policies issued by China's government to some extent slowed down the process of air pollution, their effects are not as significant as expected. The main reason is that most of them are command and control policies which neither consider marginal abatement cost of different emission sources nor consider the social damages caused by each emission source. Therefore, it’s urgently needed for China to establish the efficient air pollution control policies. In order to realize this, scientific and sound estimation of the economic cost of air pollution is the premise and guarantee. The ultimate goal of this study is to establish an efficient air pollution control policy by quantifying the social damage of air pollution. Firstly, based on the Producers' Theory and New Consumers' Theory, this study aims to explore the economic mechanism of economic valuation of air pollution cost. Then we conduct the quantitative evaluation of social damage of air pollution with the two-stage Hedonic Price Model. Secondly, we use spatial econometric models to analyze three different kinds of spatial effects on the estimation results. Finally, we put forward the efficient policy models. Based on the results of quantitative assessment and the proposed efficient policy models, this study makes an empirical simulation to calculate the efficient emission standards, tax rate and permit price, and thus determine the efficient policy by comparing the welfare changes of three policies.