断裂带同震温度响应可在震后钻孔测温中识别，为摩擦特性与发震机制研究提供了独特思路和有效手段。摩擦生热被广泛视为同震温度响应的唯一机制。但近年来实验结果表明：1)同震应力释放会导致降温，能量量级可能与摩擦生热相当；2)破裂面表面自由能增大也有导致升温的迹象。.为深入研究断裂带同震温度响应机制，本申请拟基于前期干燥岩样绝热应力-温度响应实验结果，首先系统开展饱和水岩样绝热应力-温度响应实验、岩石拉伸破裂和挤压破裂过程中的温度响应实验；在实验新认识的基础上，再结合应力-温度耦合数值模型，分析1999年集集、2008年汶川及2011年日本东北地震后的温度异常，力求准确区分各机制导致的温度异常范围和大小，以便从震后各钻孔测温结果中准确提取摩擦热导致的温度正异常信息，重新估算各断裂带同震摩擦热和摩擦系数。这为深入了解活动断裂带的摩擦特性、发震机制及地震能量分配提供理论依据，对今后防震减灾具有指导意义。

The coseismic temperature responses can be recognized in the borehole temperature measurements in fault zones after earthquakes. It provides an unique idea and an effective mean for basic research about the friction features and seismogenic mechanisms of fault zones. The frictional heating is considered to be the only mechanism of coseismic temperature response. But the recent experiment results indicate that 1) coseismic stress release can result temperature decreasing and its energy magnitude may be equal to that of frictional heating; 2) the increase of surface free energy would induce temperature rising nearby the new fracture surface..In order to reveal the mechanisms of coseismic temperature responses in fault zones, firstly, we plan to systematically carry out a set of experiments, including the temperature responses of water-satuated rocks during stress changes and raptures by stretching and compressing, based on our previous understanding about the temperature response of dry rocks to stress change. Then in the light of the new understandings of these experiments, we would analyze the borehole temperature anomalies after the 1999 Chi-Chi, 2008 Wenchuan and 2011 Tohoku earthquakes by the numerical model combining the stress and temperature fields. It would be useful for identifying the ranges and magnitudes of temperature anomalies caused by different mechanisms of coseismic temperature responses, and accurately calculate the coseismic friction heat and coefficient of dynamic friction of each fault zone. This work would provide theoretical basis for better understanding friction features, the seismogenic mechanisms and seismic energy distribution. Thus, it plays a significant role for for protecting against and mitigating earthquake disasters in the future.