当前，微藻生物柴油备受青睐，微藻总脂中以三酰甘油为代表的中性脂含量及其脂肪酸组成决定其生产生物柴油的数量和质量，而中性脂含量和脂肪酸组成是由微藻自身基因表达所决定的，通过修饰主控或者关键基因，有望培育出中性脂含量及其脂肪酸组成合适的藻种，进而通过规模化养殖，生产人类所需的微藻生物柴油产品。微拟球藻富含油脂、生长快、抗逆性强，被认为是优良产油微藻之一；其细胞核单倍，无性繁殖，是育种良材；全基因组测序工作的完成，随机整合和高效同源重组技术的建立，为其代谢调控研究奠定了基础。本项目拟通过改变培养微拟球藻的生态条件，对其进行转录组学、中性脂及脂肪酸含量分析，探索其中性脂及目标脂肪酸合成路径的分子机制，廓清其合成的限制节点，筛选对其代谢调控具有应用价值的主控或关键基因，为利用基因工程对微拟球藻进行中性脂合成相关路径的关键基因进行修饰奠定基础。

Microalgal biodiesel has currently attracted worldwide attention. However, the content of neutral lipid (represented by TAG) and the compositon of fatty acids which depend on gene expression decide the quantity and quality of biodiesel. Microalgal species with optimal content of neutral lipid and compositon of fatty acids are expected to achieve by modification of key genes. And then the microalgal biodiesel products will be obtained through the mass breeding. Nannochloropsis have been proposed as one of the excellent candidates for fuel production with rich lipids, high growth rate and stress resistance. Nannochloropsis are considered as fine material for breeding because of their nuclear ploidy and asexually reproductive strategy. The availability of the whole genome information and the establishment of random integration and efficient homologous recombination technology laid the foundation for the research on metabolic regulation. This study will analyze its transcriptome and its content of neutral lipid and fatty acid after changing the ecological condition of Nannochloropsis oceanica to explore the molecular mechanism of neutral lipid and target fatty acid synthesis, find the restrictive nodes of the synthesis pathway and screen the valuable key genes for metabolic regulation. All these will lay the foundation for the modification of key genes of neutral lipid synthesis pathway with genetic engineering in N. oceanica