我国最新的空间发展计划对固体润滑新材料与新技术提出了迫切需求。对二维纳米片（石墨烯和二硫化钼）在摩擦学领域的初步应用和计算模拟结果表明其在空间环境中具有优异的润滑性能，亟需对二维纳米材料在三种常用空间润滑膜（超薄膜、粘结涂层和聚合物复合薄膜）中的应用及其真空摩擦学机理进行深入系统的研究。本项目将重点开展：（1）二维纳米片基固体润滑膜组成和结构设计对其自身力学性能和膜-基界面结合性能的影响研究；（2）在不同真空环境（不同真空度、不同H2、O2、N2、Ar分压）与运转工况条件下，二维纳米片基固体润滑膜的摩擦学行为分析和机理研究。通过考察润滑膜表面在摩擦前后的物理化学变化揭示其组成结构-力学性能-真空摩擦学性能之间的关系规律，并利用纳米复合、纳米多层化理念开发协同作用下的延寿方法，以期为新型二维纳米基空间润滑材料的研制提供理论基础和实验数据，同时为未来航天器的长期在轨服役提供技术支撑。

Design and development of new lubricating materials and technologies in spacecraft are driven as the necessity and urgency noted in the latest National Spatial Development Plan. The preliminary studies on lubricating application and computer simulation of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets (graphene and molybdenum disulfide, MoS2) indicate that these 2D nanomaterials have promising ultra-low friction and anti-wear properties in vacuum. As the 3 main lubrication application forms for space lubrication, the study on 2D nanomaterial-based solid lubrication ultra-thin film, bond coating and polymer composite films’ related properties is imperative to be conducted deeply and systemically. This project will put emphasis on the contents of (1) relation between composition and microstructure design of 2D nanomaterial-based films and their mechanical properties and film-substrate interfacial bonding properties; (2) the tribological properties of 2D nanomaterial-based films in different vacuum environments (various vacuum degree, various H2, O2, N2, Ar partial pressure) and under different operating conditions. The physical and chemical changes in the contact area during the rubbing process will be analyzed to reveal the relationship among film composition, microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties. Based on the concept of nano-multiplex and nano-multilayer, the method to extend lifetime through synergistic effect will be investigated. It is believed that the achievements of this project will provide theories and experiment data for the preparation of new 2D nanomaterial-based space lubricants to support the effective and durable service of future spacecraft.