沸石结构分形化目前已经取得重要进展，成为构筑多级孔沸石最有效的方法，但是如何依据沸石自身结构特点精准构筑沸石分形结构仍然是沸石合成领域的挑战性课题。目前高效构筑有序多级孔分子筛的主要困难有：合成控制步骤繁琐，成本高昂；沸石非分形结构与有序分形结构控制困难；结构解析及催化反应评价困难。针对上述难点，本项目计划开发具有高度精准控制体系的沸石分形结构，并且在理解调控规律及解析结构前提下挖掘其催化反应机制。主要探索一维十元环孔道TON沸石的分形结构构筑，调控及催化性能；在此基础上探索不同条件分形下的TON沸石分子筛对γ-戊内酯一步法催化转化制取烯烃。本项目研究为构筑沸石中的有序分形多级孔结构及其催化转化γ-戊内酯制备烯烃提供了一条有效的路径。目前，初步的研究结果证明了该项目的可行性。

The frequent crystal twinning of the identical components of zeolite can form the fractals in the same framework but with different spatial geometry, which often causes the difference of their active site and fine microporous structures, and thereby the significant difference of the diffusion and catalytic properties. Very recently, fractal growth mode in zeolite becomes a powerful strategy to cast hierarchal architecture in the zeolite framework. But how to construct a fractal structure precisely within a given zeolite framework still remains one of the foremost challenges in the synthetic zeolite field. Conventional methods for casting hierarchal architecture in the zeolite body have shortcomings such as complicated steps and high-cost consumption. Aimed at this challenging and significant field, this project will focus on the development of new strategies and theory for controllable fabrication and catalytic application of novel structured TON zeolite fractals, especially on those with the one-dimensional medium porous framework, on the basis of our recent researches and new observations in literatures. We try to design series organic structure-direct-agents (OSDAs) with special rigid heterocycles and flexible functional groups to fabricate fractal TON zeolite in the borosilicate system. The nature of the fractal TON zeolite and the specific location of active sites will be unrevealed by electron and X-Ray crystallography, respectively. In addition, biomass-derived γ-valerolactone converted to butenes over fractal TON zeolite with specific active sites will be taken as a probe reaction to evaluate the catalytic performance. We will also attempt to deepen the understanding of the fine effects of the special active sites, framework defects, pore size and its intersection manner in the fractal structure on the spatial limitation and synergy for reactants and active intermediates. On the basis of the spatial confined nanoporous architecture of fractals, the new concepts would be harvested on the catalytic mechanism and fine structure-property relationship of zeolite framework which will promote to develop new trends on zeolite catalyst designing both for energy and for chemical conversions.